APUSH 38 Supreme Court Cases to Know

based on: https://knowt.com/note/cdba02c6-03cc-415e-95fd-a8b451b88977/Supreme-Court-Cases-to-know-for-APUSH

Marbury v. Madison (1803, Marshall)

Solidified the court's authority as the interpreter of federal laws' constitutionality, a doctrine known as judicial review.

Fletcher v. Peck (1810, Marshall)

Upheld contractual sanctity, stemming from the Yazoo land cases of 1803.

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819, Marshall)

Affirmed federal supremacy by prohibiting states from taxing federal institutions, such as the Bank of the United States.

Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819, Marshall)

Safeguarded contracts from state interference, particularly regarding Dartmouth College's charter.

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824, Marshall)

Clarified Congress's power over interstate commerce, reinforcing the commerce clause.

Johnson v. McIntosh (1823, Marshall)

Native Americans cannot sell their land except to the federal government.

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831, Marshall)

Indigenous nations are not foreign states.

Worcester v. Georgia (1832, Marshall)

Affirmed tribal autonomy within their territories (only the federal government had authority to regulate the use of Indian land).

Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837, Taney)

Prioritized societal welfare over private interests.

Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)

Legitimized labor unions and strikes as lawful entities and actions.

Scott v. Sanford (1857, Taney)

Denied Dred Scott citizenship and reinforced slavery rights in territories.

Ex parte Milligan (1866)

Prohibited civilian trials in military courts when civilian courts were available.

Civil Rights Cases of 1883

Legalized private property segregation.

Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois (1886)

Invalidated state Granger laws regulating interstate commerce.

Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad Co. v. Minnesota (1890)

Deemed Granger laws unconstitutional due to property rights violations.

Pollock v. The Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co. (1895)

Found the income tax unconstitutional.

U. S. v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895)

Restricted federal antitrust authority.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Endorsed "separate but equal" segregation.

"Insular Cases" / Downes v. Bidwell (1901)

Allowed tariffs on U.S. territories' goods.

Northern Securities Co. v. U. S. (1904)

Upheld federal anti-monopoly powers.

Lochner v. New York (1905)

Voided New York's limits on bakers' working hours.

Muller v. Oregon (1908)

Recognized labor regulations for women's health.

Hammer v. Dagenhart (1918)

Annulled federal child labor laws.

Schenck v. U. S. (1919)

Limited free speech during wartime.

Adkins v. Children’s Hospital (1923)

Rejected minimum wage laws for women.

Schechter v. U. S. (1936)

“Sick Chicken” case; National Industrial Recovery Act is unconstitutional (tried to regulate intrastate as well as interstate industries)

Korematsu v. U. S. (1941)

Supported Japanese-American internment.

Ex parte Endo (1944)

Banned internment of U.S.-born Japanese-Americans.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954, Warren)

Outlawed school segregation.

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Mandated counsel in criminal trials.

Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)

Granted access to lawyers before police questioning.

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Required informing suspects of their rights.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Legalized abortion based on privacy rights.

U. S. v. Richard Nixon (1974)

Rejected absolute presidential immunity.

Bakke v. Regents of the University of California (1978)

Upheld affirmative action with a divided decision.

Clinton v. Jones (1997)

Denied temporary immunity to sitting presidents.

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000)

Favored freedom of association over anti-discrimination laws.

Bush v. Gore (2000)

Halted manual recounts in the 2000 presidential election, effectively determining the outcome.