たべる
to eat, consume food
Common usage: 食べる
Ex:
すしをたべる。(Sushi wo taberu. – I eat sushi.)
きょうのひるごはんをたべましたか?(Kyou no hirugohan wo tabemashita ka? – Have you eaten lunch today?)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 2 verb, the polite form is たべます (tabemasu).
のむ
to drink
Common usage: 飲む
Ex
みずをのむ。(Mizu wo nomu. – I drink water.)
コーヒーをのまない?(Koohii wo nomanai? – Don’t you drink coffee?)
💡Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is のみます (nomimasu).
いく
(iku)
to go, move towards
Common usage: 行く
Ex:
がっこうへいく。(Gakkou e iku. – I go to school.)
あしたどこへいきますか?(Ashita doko e ikimasu ka? – Where are you going tomorrow?)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is いきます (ikimasu).
みる
(miru)
to look at, to see
Common usage: 見る
Ex:
テレビをみる。(Terebi wo miru. – I watch TV.)
そのほんをみてもいいですか?(Sono hon wo mite mo ii desu ka? – May I look at that book?)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 2 verb, the polite form is みます (mimasu).
きく
(kiku)
to listen to, to ask
Common usage: 聞く
Ex:
おんがくをきく。(Ongaku wo kiku. – I listen to music.)
せんせいにしつもんをききました。(Sensei ni shitsumon wo kikimashita. – I asked the teacher a question.)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is ききます (kikimasu).
あう
(au)
to meet, encounter
Common usage: 会う
Ex:
ともだちにあう。(Tomodachi ni au. – I meet a friend.)
あした、せんせいにあいます。(Ashita, sensei ni aimasu. – Tomorrow, I will meet the teacher.)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is あいます (aimasu).
ある
(aru)
to be (used for inanimate objects)
Common usage: ある
Ex:
そこにほんがあります。(Soko ni hon ga arimasu. – There is a book there.)
こうえんにきれいな花があります。(Kouen ni kirei na hana ga arimasu. – There are beautiful flowers in the park.)
💡 Note:
Used for inanimate objects, the polite form is あります (arimasu).
いる
(iru)
to be (used for animate objects)
Common usage: いる
Ex:
ねこがいる。(Neko ga iru. – There is a cat.)
だれかいますか?(Dareka imasu ka? – Is there anyone?)
💡 Note:
Used for animate objects (people and animals), the polite form is います (imasu).
とる
(toru)
to take, capture
Common usage: 取る
Ex:
しゃしんをとる。(Shashin wo toru. – I take a photo.)
かみをとってください。(Kami wo totte kudasai. – Please take the paper.)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is とります (torimasu).
わかる
(wakaru)
to understand, comprehend
Common usage: 分かる
Ex:
この日本語がわかります。(Kono nihongo ga wakarimasu. – I understand this Japanese.)
それはわかりません。(Sore wa wakarimasen. – I don’t understand that.)
💡 Note:
This is a Group 1 verb, the polite form is わかります (wakarimasu).