The adaptive immune response T cell effector functions

Flashcards about T cell effector functions, T cell migration, and CD8+ T cells by Dr. Natalie Riddell

What are the three signals required for T cell activation?

Antigen recognition, Co-stimulation, Cytokines inducing differentiation

Where does T cell maturation occur?

Thymus, peripheral lymphoid organs, and peripheral infected organs

Name the Th subsets.

Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, and Tfh

What are the effector functions of cytotoxic T (Tc) cells?

Killing mechanisms

What polarizing cytokines are associated with pro-inflammatory intracellular pathogens?

IL-12, IFNγ, IL-18

What polarizing cytokines are associated with anti-inflammatory peripheral tolerance?

IL-4

What polarizing cytokines are associated with B cell activation?

IL-6, IL-21

What polarizing cytokines are associated with helminths/toxins/allergy?

IL-1, IL-6, TGFβ

What does Th1 mediated immunity clear?

Intracellular microbes

How does Th1 promote opsonization and phagocytosis?

Increase IgG3 and IgG2a production by B cells

What do Th2 cells eliminate

Helminthic parasites

How do Th2 cells fight against helminthic parasites?

Promote Abs which neutralize microbes and toxins

What cytokine do Th17 cells produce?

IL-17

The inducing of chemokine by IL-17 helps with?

Recruiting neutrophils and monocytes

What is the role of Tfh cells in B cell activation?

Activate B cells to proliferate and differentiate into ab-producing plasma cells

What anti-inflammatory Cytokines do Tregs Produce?

IL-10 and TGF-b

What are the 4 steps of T cell migration?

Rolling, activation by chemokines, adhesion, and extravasation

CD8+ T cells (CTLs; cytotoxic T lymphocytes)

Selective (ag-specific) serial killers

What are the 2 mechanisms of CD8+ T cell killing?

Granzyme/perforin granules and Fas – Fas Ligand

What is the function of γδ T cells?

Cytotoxicity (perforin/granzyme) and cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα and IL-17)

What is the function of iNKT cells?

Cytotoxcity (mainly Fas:FasL) and cytokine (e.g. IL-2/TNFα)

What is the function of MAIT cells?

Cytotoxcity and cytokine (e.g. IL-17, IL-18, IL-12, IFN- I and IFNy)