english 1 honors exam

stanzas

sections of the poem

rhythm

a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry

meter

a regular pattern/structure of rhythm

speaker

the imaginary voice assumed by the writer of the poem; can be a person, place, or thing

adressee

person, place, or thing being adressed

objective

to inform/ persuade

rhyme

repetition of sounds at the end of words

end rhyme

rhyming words at the end of lines of poetry

internal rhyme

2 or more rhyming words on the same line of poem

slant/off rhyme

end rhyme that is not exact

rhyme scheme

a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem

onomatopoeia

use of words that imitate sounds

alliteration

repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words

assonance

repetition of vowel sounds followed by consonant sounds

consonance

repetition of consonant sounds within/end

repetition

sound, word, phrase, or line repeated for emphasis/unity

traditional poetry

follows fixed rules, regular pattern, rhythm, & rhyme

organic poetry

does not have a regular pattern, free verse or concrete poetry

sonnet

a fourteen poem written in iambic pentameter, has rhyme scheme, three quatrains, and a couplet

simile

a comparison between two objects using like or as

metaphor

a comparison between two objects not using like or as

personification

non human objects given human characteristics

allusion

implied/indirect reference

monologue

speech given by a single character in order to express inner thoughts, speaks directly to audience/character

soliloquy

a character giving a speech to only themselves

oxymoron

opposite words next to each other

aside

short sentence said off to the side

dramatic irony

when the audience knows something that the characters don’t

antithesis

two opposite ideas in same sentence

antimetable

a phrase with inverted words

apostrophe

talking to something that can’t talk back

comic relief

lighten mood in a tense situation

double entendre

two meanings, one clean, one dirty

pun

a joke with one word, two meanings

tragedy

tragic hero suffers a downfall due to outside forces and tragic weakness. goal is catharsis

credibility

measure of how you can establish accuracy and reliability of your findings

source

the viewpoints of others

informed opinions

to inform your own opinions with relevant & related ideas

relevance of a source

how closely related to the topic you are researching

authority of source

the expert/credibility of the person writing source

currency of source

when the source was written or published

accuracy of source

correct grammar, spellings, facts, well written

bias of source

source should discusses discuss both sides otherwise it has bias

objectivity of source

research without being influenced by bias/personal opinions

quotes

include words and ideas of others exactly how they said it

signal words

signals that a quote is about to begin

ex-claims, says, recommends, emphasizes

three dot ellipses

when the missing part comes from within sentence

four dot ellipses

signals that you’ve taken parts from different sentences

brackets

used to change a pronoun or tense of verb

purposes for using sources

1. introduce a key idea

2. support own opinion

3. counterarguments

introducing key idea

use a summary of direct quotation from a source

supporting your own opinion

to clarify or add weight to own view

counterarguments

using a source you disagree with in order to bring up an idea

plagiarism

representing someone else’s words, ideas, research, as your own

paraphrase

putting someone else’s ideas in your own words

summary

brief overview of main points

traditional features of a personal narrative

1st person POV, indirect/direct characterization, setting, conflict, paragraph structure, dialogue, theme

indirect characterization

explaining a character’s traits through action, words, or deed

direct characterization

specifically stating a character’s traits

types of conflicts typically seen in personal narrative

conflicts with self, others, environment

denotation

dictionary meaning of word

connotation

implied or suggested meaning of a word

diction

word choice