ch 2 criminal justice

The new UCR / NIBRS is more detailed including data on what?

Place, Weapon, Type and Value, Personal Characteristics, Nature of relationship, Case Disposition

what years did crime increase?

1960-1990

2006-present day

The current trend says we should expect crime to still increase because of economic uncertainty and it is much easier to commit crime than before due to technology.

Clearance Rate

A traditional measure of investigation effectiveness that compares the number of crimes reported or discovered to the number of crimes solved through arrest.

Part 1 crimes are:

Murder, Raper, Robbery, Aggravated Assault, Burglary, Larceny, Motor Vehicle Theft, Arson

Which part 1 offense statistically happens the least?

Mass Murder

One incident where 4 or more victims are killed at the same location during on event

Spree Killings

2 or more victims killed at two or more locations over a short-time span

Serial Killer

Several victims (at least 3) killed in three or more events over long-time frame

Statutory Rape

Involves carnal knowledge and or sexual relations with a minor

Date Rape

Forced sexual intercourse against someone's will in the context of a dating relationship

Aggravated (felony) (assault)

The unlawful, intentional inflicting, or attempted or threated inflicting, or serious injury upon the person of another

Burglary

The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a criminal act

Under the UCR/NIBRS program, the crime of burglary can be reported if:

(1) an unlawful entry of an unlocked structure has occurred

(2) a breaking and entering (of a secured structure) has taken place

(3) a burglary has been attempted

Inchoate

In the process of being done

Larceny-Theft

The unlawful taking or attempted taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property, from the possession or constructive possession of another

The most common forms of Larceny-Theft

Theft from a motor vehicle, a building, or of a bicycle, Shoplifting, Flash robs

Flash Robs

Organized events on the internet when a large group of people rob a store at the same time.

Identity theft

Imposter obtains key pieces of information; the victim is often left with ruined history trying to prove it was not them.

Arson

Any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent

National Crime Victimization Survey

Began in 1972. Uncover the “dark figure of crime”

Who does not take the national crime victimization survey?

Minors

What three things have to occur for crime typology to happen?

Offender motivation, Victim behavior, Legal categories.

Cyberstalking

The use of internet, e-mail, cell phone and other electronic communication technologies to bully or stalk another person

Statistically, who will report any victimization to the police?

Elderly

Who is more likely than young people to be victimized by strangers?

Elderly

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Companies lying about how financially strong they were so people buy into their company

Edwin Sutherland

First business professor to say the term white-collared crime