In Mexico, ____ carved out an empire centered on their magnificent city of Tenochtitlan, crisscrossed with canals and adorned with great temples and palaces.
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Tenochtitlan
Aztecs carved out an empire centered on their magnificent city of _________, crisscrossed with canals and adorned with great temples and palaces.
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Inca Empire
In Peru, the ______ stretched south to parts of what is now Chile and Argentina, and north to portions of modern Colombia.
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Cahokia
In Illinois, the ______ is at its peak in the 1200s may have been home to 20,000 people.
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Puebloans
In the southwest, the ______ built villages and towns, sometimes in the faces of cliffs for greater protection.
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Woodland Indians
The first English settlers in North America.
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Algonquian
Iroquioian
Two of the major language groups of Woodland Indians
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Renaissance
It revived interest in Europe's Classical Greek and Roman heritage, inspiring new worldviews.
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Scientific Revolution
It inspired a new experimental approach to learning about the natural world, giving people the power to change it.
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Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation
It began a period of religious upheaval that resulted in religious fervor and intense religious conflict that dominated European international relations for over a century.
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caravel
The Portuguese developed the _____, a sailing ship capable of long ocean voyages.
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Improved navigational aids
_________, such as the astrolabe and compass, made such voyages more practicable.
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Crusades
The ________ reintroduced Europeans to Asian markets, increasing demand for spices and other Asian goods.
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Henry the Navigator
In the mid-1400s, Portugal's Prince _________ funded explorations to the Azores and Africa.
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Vasco da Gama
In 1489, _______ led an expedition around the Cape of Good Hope and sailed on to India.
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Cape of Good Hope
After Henry's death, Portuguese mariners reached the ________ in 1488.
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China
Christopher Columbus believed he could reach _____ by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean and opening a trade route for East Asian treasures to enter Europe.
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October 12, 1492
After a long voyage, Columbus sighted land on ________.
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San Salvador
Columbus landed on an island in the Bahamas, which he named _______.
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Indians
Columbus called the natives "______" because he thought he had reached the East Indies.
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Encomienda
_______ forced Native Americans onto Spanish plantations for dubious "protection." Refusing was punishable by death.
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Columbian Exchange
\: The flow of products across the Atlantic that permanently altered both continents.
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Hernando Cortes
In 1519, _____ led a small army of 500 men from Cuba to Mexico.
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Montezuma
the Aztec ruler, hosted him here. Relations between the Spanish and Aztecs soon soured.
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Tenochtitlan
Cortes conquered ________ in 1521, ending the Aztec Empire.
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Columbian Exchange
\: exchange of crops, animals, diseases, and ideas between Europe and colonies of the Western Hemisphere that developed in the aftermath of the voyages of Columbus.
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2500 BCE
Migration of Asians to the Americas across the Bering Strait begins.
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1492
Voyage of Columbus to the Americas
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1519
Cortes enters Mexico
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1520-1530
Smallpox epidemic devastates Native American populations in many parts of South and Central America, virtually wiping out some tribes.
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1542
Spanish explorers travel through southwestern United States
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Flashcard (40)