Medical Terminology and Concepts

This set of flashcards covers essential medical and biological terminology related to the immune system, blood components, and physiological responses.

Capillaries

Small blood vessels where exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients occurs.

Cytotoxic Cells

Immune cells that kill cancer cells and pathogens.

Sickle Cell Disease

A genetic disorder causing abnormal hemoglobin, leading to distorted red blood cells.

Antigen

A foreign substance that induces an immune response.

Pressure Gradient

The difference in pressure that drives blood flow from high to low pressure areas.

Universal Donor

Type O blood, which can be donated to any blood type.

Universal Recipient

Type AB blood, which can receive blood from any type.

Antibody

A protein produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects.

T Cells

A type of lymphocyte that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.

Inflammation

The body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Adaptive Immunity

The immunity that develops over time as the body is exposed to various pathogens.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells that are part of the immune system, including T cells and B cells.

Reabsorption

The process by which the kidneys filter blood and return necessary substances to the bloodstream.

Flow Rate

The volume of blood that passes through a vessel in a given amount of time.