Unit 3 test guide

Sitting Bull

A Lakota chief who died from a gunshot wound, that was caused by resisting arrest 

James J. Hill

Entrepreneur who built the great northern railroad

Samuel Gompers

The union’s first leader who believed that unions should stay out of politics and should fight for things like higher wages and better working conditions 

George Custer 

United States military leader in the battle of the Little Bighorn 

Henry Bessemer

Invented the Bessemer process: a new way of making steel cheaply and efficiently 

Sodbuster

Those who plowed the soil on the great plains

Trust

A legal concept that allows a person to manage another person’s property

Lockout

A method used by employers to prevent unions from forming

Stockholders

People who own a corporation through shares of ownership

comstock lode

Prospector who found huge silver strike in Nevada 

Boomtown law enforcement

Vigilante committee and self- appointed volunteers who punish wronged doers 

Homestead act

A law that helped support settlement in the great plains

Purpose of tariffs

To compete with the European industry

Growing city population 

Urban population of the US grew greatly from immigrants and large families (tripled)

Individualism 

During the gilded age: a time of cultural change; strongest belief was individualism: no matter where they started in life, they could go as far as they were willing to go. “Rags to riches”

Economies of scale

Ability of large Manufacturing facilities to produce more goods for cheaper 

First National wide strike

July 1877, railroads cut wages and started a nation wide workers’ protest. Railroad workers across the nation walked off their jobs.

Supreme Court- 14th amendment

SCOTUS: decided the 14th amendment didn’t apply to actions of private business.

Wounded knee confrontation

25 US soldiers were killed and 200 Lakota were killed at this battle.

Presidential election & compromise of 

1877

Battle of Little Bighorn 

1876

Wounded knee

1890

Thé Emeric an federation of labor

1886

Tammany Hall 

1860

Presidential Election and compromise of 1877

An agreement that resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election, resulting in the withdrawal of federal troops from the south.

Battle of little bighorn 1876

Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated Custer’s troops who tried to force them back on to the reservation, Custer and all his men died.

Wounded knee 1890

Massacre of native Americans in the state of South Dakota. Marked as the end of the Indian wars, and the close of the western frontier.

The American Federation of labor 1886

Founded in Columbus, Ohio in December 1886 by an alliance of craft Unions disaffected from the knights of labor, a national labor association; the largest union grouping in the United States for the first half of the 20th century.

Tammany HalL 1860

New York City, powerful, democratic political machine. A group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. Example.: responsible for the construction of the New York Court house; actual construction cost 3 million. Project cost taxpayers 13 million.