GORDON ALPPORT trait theories

Psychology of individual

what is the psychology of Gordon Allport

uniqueness of each individual

Gordon Allport whose emphasis was on the

True

Gordon Allport, whose major

emphasis was on the

uniqueness of each individual,

built a theory of personality as

a reaction against what he

regarded as the non

humanistic positions of both

psychoanalysis and animal

based learning theory. True or false

1. there is a value on surface characteristics
   2. it is not necessary always to emphasize ones past
   3. To discover what is someone is like-Ask them about themselves
   4. Traits are both learned and inherited

Allport’s Theory is PRACTICAL:

personality

is the

dynamic

organization within the individual of

those psychophysical systems that

determine his unique adjustments to

his environment.

True

Allport believed that psychologically

healthy humans are motivated by

present, mostly conscious drives and

that they not only seek to reduce

tensions but to establish new ones.True or false

false

He also believed that people arent

capable of proactive behavior, which

suggests that they cannot consciously

behave in new and creative ways that

foster their own change and growth.True or false

morphogenic science

He called his study of the individual

— —— and contrasted

it with traditional nomothetic

methods.

personal dispositions, proprium

, the basic units of personality are———

and the

Personal

Dispositions

n is

based on traits, but

somewhat more

complex, such as in a

unique combination of

traits

Propium

refers to all those

behaviors and

characteristics that

people regard as warm

and central in their lives

Cardinal disposition,Central Disposition,Secondary disposition

Three Types of Personal

Dispositions

Cardinal disposition

one single trait that that

defines everything for a person. Considered the most dominant and pervasive, shaping nearly every aspect of persons life

Central Disposition

5--10 highly characteristic and

frequently seen personal traits. For example, a person’s love for their family which can be frequently seen in a person

Secondary

disposition

Influential traits that

are less consistent

and generalized than

cardinal or central

traits. for example preference for a certain type of music, tendency to be punctual and strong eversion to spiders.

Motivational Disposition

strong motivation enough to initiate action.

Stylistic

dispositions

which refer to the

manner in which an

individual behaves and

which guide rather than

initiate action

false

Allport insisted that an adequate theory of motivation must consider

the notion that motives change as people mature and also that

people are not motivated by present drives and wants.True or false

Reactive and Proactive Theories of

Motivation

To Allport, people not only react to their environment, but

they also shape their environment and cause it to react to

them.His proactive approach emphasized the idea that people

often seek additional tension and that they purposefully act

on their environment in a way that fosters growth toward

psychological health.

Functional Autonomy

which holds that some (but

not all) human motives are functionally independent from the

original motive responsible for a particular behavior. For example, a child might initially be motivated to study to get good grades. However, as they develop, they might become motivated by a love of learning and knowledge for its own sake, which is functionally autonomous from the original desire for good grades. 

Propriate Functional Autonomy and Perseverative functional Autonomy

Two levels of Functional

Autonomy

Propriate

functional

autonomy

refers to self-sustaining

motives (such as

interests) that are

related to the proprium. It refers to the idea that mature individuals develop self-sustaining, higher-level motives that are independent of their original, childhood-driven motivations. These motives, related to an individual's "proprium" (or self), are driven by values, interests, and goals, and they continue to influence behavior even when the initial driving force is no longer present.

propriate striving

refers to the pursuit of self actualization and growth

Perseverative

functional

autonomy

s the tendency of

certain basic behaviors

(such as addictive

behaviors) to continue

in the absence of

reinforcement. It is related to habits