italian diction midterm

strong vowels

a, e, o

weak vowels

i, u

syllable that receives the primary stress in a word

tonic syllable/stressed syllable

the last syllable

final

second to last syllable

penultimate

third to last syllable

antepenultimate

syllable in italian that usually receives the stress

2nd to last

when does the last syllable receive stress?

when an accent is present

IPA a in italian

[a]

two pronunciations of the letter "e" in italian

[e], [Ɛ]

usual pronunciation of an unstressed final e

[e]

two possible pronunciations for the letter i

[i], [j]

when is the letter i silent

after c, g, sc, and before a vowel

when the letter i is final or before a consonant (eg. dita), how is it pronounced?

[i]

usual pronunciation of an unstressed e (e.g. luce)

[e]

stressed e ends a syllable before an s + another consonant (e.g. tempesta) how is it pronounced?

[Ɛ]

when unstressed e is followed by l, m, n, and another consonant (e.g. versare), how is it pronounced?

[Ɛ]

stressed e ends a syllable (e.g. strega) how is it (usually) pronounced?

[e]

stressed e ends a syllable after i or u (e.g. pieno), how is it pronounced?

[Ɛ]

when stressed e is followed by a consonant in the same syllable (e.g. certo), how is it usually pronounced?

[Ɛ]

when stressed e is followed by another vowel (e.g. sei), how is it usually pronounced?

[Ɛ]

what is the usual pronunciation of unstressed o (e.g. domani)?

[o]

when stressed o ends a syllable (e.g. coda), how is it pronounced?

[o]

when stressed o ends an antepenultimate syllable (e.g. mobile), how is it pronounced?

[Ɔ]

when stressed o ends a syllable and is followed by gli (e.g. foglio), how is it pronounced?

[Ɔ]

when stressed o is followed by a consonant in the same syllable (e.g. forte), how is it usually pronounced?

[Ɔ]

when stressed o is followed by an l + c, f, g, m, p, or t in the same syllable (e.g. colpo), how is it pronounced?

[o]

the two pronunciations of the letter o

[Ɔ], [o]

is the duration of a vowel before a single consonant longer or shorter than the duration of a vowel before a double consonant?

longer

do most italian words end with a vowel or a consonant?

vowel

does apocopation change the pronunciation of the preceding vowel?

no

does apocopation affect syllabification?

yes

elision

the process of linking two words together in italian by dropping the final vowel of a word before the initial vowel of the next word (e.g. quell'aria)

two glides in italian diction

[j], [w]

is the first or second vowel pronounced with longer duration in a glide

second

is the first or second vowel in a diphthong pronounced with longer duration

first

are diphthongs and glides written as one or two syllables

one

are triphthongs (e.g. tuoi) written as one or two syllables

one

pronunciation of a strong vowel followed by a weak vowel

diphthong

pronunciation of a weak vowel followed by another vowel

glide

pronunciation of two consecutive strong vowels

two syllables

pronunciation of small two and three letter words: io, mio, sue, due, tua, and zio

two syllables

pronunciation of the small three letter words mai, pei, sei, voi, and poi

diphthongs

pronunciation of the small three letter words piu, liu, and puo

glides

pronunciation of the small three letter words qua and qui

glides

what happens to the pronunciation of the letter i in words with consecutive vowels: cio, cielo, gia, and sciolto

it is silent

pronunciation of the final consecutive vowels in the polysyllabic words dileguo and odio (accents on the final o)

glides

pronunciation of the final consecutive vowels in the polysyllabic words statua and Italia

glides

pronunciation of the final consecutive vowels in the polysyllabic words sinfonia, malia, signoria, polizia, and poesia

two syllables

IPA symbol for enya

ɲ

IPA symbol for elya

ʎ

pronunciation of stressed e followed by another vowel (e.g. sei)

[ɛ]

two possible pronunciations for the letter u

u, w

when is i silent

after c, g, or sc; before a vowel