Week 3 Textbook (Early) Modern History

Why was the Indian Ocean perfect for trade?

The seasonal monsoons

Were women more or less valued in Asia in comparison to Europe?

More

Why did Islam help with trade?

Arabic lingua franca, common legal system, and culture of Islam allowed for peaceful commercial relations and economic prosperity

Which country acted as a middle man?

Italy

When did Christopher Columbus discover the New World?

1492

Who realised America was not India?

Amerigo Vespucci

When did Portugal discover Brazil?

1500

What treaty formalised the splitting of the New World between Spain and Portugal?

Treaty of Tordesillas

Who discovered the Aztecs?

Hernán Cortés

When was first contact made with the Aztecs?

1519

What was the capital of the Aztec empire?

Tenochtitlan (Mexico City)

The Aztecs constantly went to war with their neighbours, how did this benefit Cortés?

He was able to get information on their weaknesses from their neighbours

Who did Cortés form an alliance with?

The Tlaxcala tribe

What did Cortés and the Tlaxcala tribe do to win others over?

Massacre a tribe that had just fell to the Aztecs

What was the emperor of the Aztecs response to the capital being stormed?

He agreed to become a vassal for the Spanish king

Why did the Spanish flee the capital after this?

As they killed the emperor and so the people revolted

When did the Spanish successfully take over the Aztecs?

1521

What was the capital of the Inca empire?

Cuzco

Why were the Inca’s weaker when the Spanish arrived?

Smallpox and civil war

When did the Spanish land in the Inca empire?

1532

What occurred on the same day as the Spanish invasion?

The crowning of the new emperor

When did Cuzco fall?

1532

What was the Columbian exchange?

Exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases from the Old and New Worlds

What percent of the Indigenous population did disease kill?

90%

When did the tranatlantic lave trade begin?

1518

How many slaves were transported during the transatlantic slave trade?

Over 12 million