MANA Chapter 9

Group vs Team

• Groups: two o more people with common interest, objectives, and continuing interactions

• Teams: Group of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common mission, performance goal, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable

Benefits of Teams

• Psychological Intimacy (closeness achieved by bonding with teammates)

• Integrated Involvement (closeness achieved through tasks and activities)

Aspects of Group Behavior

• Social Loafing

• Loss of Individuality

Team Roles

• Ambiguity

• Expectations

• Differentiation

• Conflict

Team Characteristics

• Norms

• Status

• Power

• Size

• Variety Cohesiveness

Team Types

• Virtual Teams

• Global Teams

Team Functions

• Task (activity directly related to the effective completion of a team’s work)

• Maintenance (essential to effective, satisfying interpersonal relationships with a team or group)

Other Team Characteristics

• Creativity

• Diversity in Teams

Group Decision-Making

N/A

Models of Team Development

Tuckman’s 5-Stage Model of Team Development

1. Forming

2. Storming

3. Norming

4. Performing

5. Adjourning

Punctuated Equilibrium

Connie Gersick (1991) - Groups remain stable, maintaining equilibrium for ling periods of time; Change, then, is more incremental; Resistance; Revolutionary change is in bursts and usually is in response to a crisis

Upper Echelons (a top-level executive team in an organization)

• Theory: background characteristics of the top management team predict organizational characteristics and set standards for values, competence, and ethics

• The Glass Ceiling: an invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from being promoted to managerial and executive-;eve; positions within an organization or industry

• The Glass Cliff: a situation in which individuals are promoted to higher positions during times of crisis, where failure is more likely

Groupthink (consensus is more important than rational, independent thinking)

Symptoms of groupthink

• Overconfidence in the group

• Pressure toward uniformity

• Closed-minded mentality