Oxygenation Lecture Notes

A comprehensive set of flashcards based on the lecture notes covering key concepts related to oxygenation and respiratory function.

What are the main components of the pulmonary system?

The pulmonary system consists of the airways, lungs, and respiratory muscles.

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

The primary function of the respiratory system is gas exchange.

What does ventilation refer to?

Ventilation refers to the mechanical process of moving air into and out of the lungs.

What is the definition of hypoventilation?

Hypoventilation is alveolar ventilation that is inadequate to meet oxygen demands or eliminate sufficient CO2, leading to respiratory acidosis.

What are the causes of hyperventilation?

Causes of hyperventilation include anxiety, fever, metabolic acidosis, and pain.

What symptoms might indicate hypoxia?

Symptoms of hypoxia include restlessness, anxiety, altered LOC, increased vital signs, and cyanosis.

What factors can influence pulmonary function?

Factors include life span and development, environment, lifestyle, and smoking.

How can adequate oxygenation and ventilation be assessed?

Assessment can include measuring vital signs, respiratory effort, and pulse oximetry.

What is the normal range for pulse oximetry in healthy individuals?

Normal values for pulse oximetry are 95-100%.

What is capnography used to measure?

Capnography measures the CO2 in exhaled air.

What does a peak flow meter measure?

A peak flow meter measures maximum speed of expiration, indicating airway obstruction severity.

What are the indications for using oxygen therapy?

Indications include improving tissue oxygenation and decreasing work of breathing.

What safety considerations should be taken with oxygen therapy?

Safety considerations include avoiding flammable materials and ensuring electrical devices are in good working order.

What is the oxygen saturation goal for patients with COPD?

The oxygen saturation goal for COPD patients is typically lower at 88-92%.

What is the purpose of incentive spirometry?

Incentive spirometry is used to promote lung expansion and prevent atelectasis.

What are the delivery devices used for oxygen therapy?

Delivery devices include nasal cannula, various masks, and ventilator support.

What is a partial rebreather mask used for?

A partial rebreather mask is used to deliver high concentrations of oxygen (60-90%) in emergency situations.

What should be done to ensure the safe handling of oxygen tanks?

Oxygen tanks must be secured in appropriate holders and away from flammable products.

What are some techniques to mobilize secretions?

Techniques include deep breathing and coughing, hydration, and chest physiotherapy.

What factors can affect the accuracy of pulse oximetry readings?

Factors include ambient light, patient movement, nail polish, poor circulation, and certain medical conditions.