C273 Sociology - Sociologists

Symbolic Interactionist

Weber (religious), Cooley (perception, self image), George Mead (added to Cooley, identity)

George Washington with a cool beer shooing away a web

Key words: Symbols, meaning, labels, definitions, stigma, frame analysis

Functionalist (saw as organism)

Comte (positivism, founder), Spencer (Darwinism), Emile Durkheim (roles/cohesion), Merton

Spencer smiled (Emile D) when he saw a comet melt (mert)

Key words: Structure, function, dysfunction, balance, stability, equillibrium, values, cohesion/solidarity, Durkheim

Conflict

Struggle for resources; elite maintaining power.

Marx (classes), DuBois (race)

Key words: Power, competition, scarce resources, power, control, elite, inequality, exploitation, oppression

Feminist

Martineau (social reform), Margaret Mead (gender roles)

Meadow (mead + eau)

Auguste Comte

Positivism, law of 3 stages (theo, meta, pos). Comte = creator/Come to Jesus

Emile Durkheim

Functionalism founder. Facts. Suicide rates higher with bad group ties. Role of deviance (reinforces cultural values and norms). Mechanical vs organic solidarity.

Functionile emile.

Harriet Martineau

maRtineau (Race). 1^st female sociologist. Feminism, equal rights. Sociology to England.

Jane Addams

Activist, reform. Hull House. ACLU

Karl Marx

Developed conflict theory. Proletariat/Bourgeoisie (class). Production. Rich get richer. Materialism. Communist manifesto.

Capitalism will always have class struggle, eventually turning into socialism.

Conflict leaves marks.

Max Weber

Bureaucracies, rationalization, bottom line. Protestant. Daily interactions/symbolism. Modern capitalism. Verstehen.

Capitalism will not always turn into socialism. Conflict can be between any two groups where one has more power.

Weber didn’t waiver in his beliefs.

George Mead

Self-development. Role taking. I (doing whatever you want) and me (right thing to do). Generalized other (perception of norms, values, attitudes, expectations of others in general, no longer the center of the universe). Stages of development (prep (imitate), play (roleplay), game (actual role)).

Margaret Mead

Gender roles. Cultural anthropology.

Herbert Spencer

Spencer; Survival of fittest. Darwinism, social evolution, functionalism.

Du Bois

DouBle consciousness. Race issues. Double consciousness, NAACP. Da boys are racist.

Charles Cooley

Symbolic interactionism. Looking-glass, perception, self image

George Simmel

Group dynamics: more stable, intimacy decreases. Diads/triads

Laud Humphry

Misleading research subjects

Robert Michels

Elites, Iron Law of Oligarchy

George Ritzer

McDonald's as a metaphor for the over-rationalization of society. Four main principles: predictability, calculability, efficiency, and control.

Immanuel Wallerstein

Conflict theory. World systems theory - Poorest countries (Africa, central America, Asia) are in periphery countries