Lesson 1

Globalization

Globalization

People from larger distances can interact and connect with each other

Government of other nations and business corporation

International trades and relations

Technology, Migration, and Economy

Focus of Globalization

Social mobility, Intensification of interactions, Active Process, Borderless interaction, and Speed of Ideas

Characteristics of Globalization

Social mobility

The ability of individuals to move up or down the social ladder

Through migration, education access, and economic opportunities

Intensification of interactions

Increasing frequency and depth of connectedness between people

Active Process

Dynamic and continuous interaction and exchanges

Borderless interaction

Seamless interaction of states and people across the boundary

Travelling without visa, digital contacting

Speed of ideas

How ideas, innovations and interventions can spread across the globe

1887

• Charles Taze Russell uses the word “Corporate Giants”

• “ Corporate Giants

  • Large powerful companies dominating the industry

  • Influencing economies and societies

1930

“Globalize” word appear

• Towards new education for a holistic view

1970

“Globalization” was coined

Early 1981

The word was used for economic sense

Late 1980s

The word ‘globalization” was popularized

Theodore Levitt

2000s

Internation Monetary Fund

Involved in various activities like crisis management and promotion of globalization

2013

Borderless society was emphasized

2017

Globalization was introduced to the academe

2018

Globalization was introduced as a discipline

Four Movements of Globalization

Early, Medieval, Industrial, and Modern

Early movement

This movement have sumer and indus and Silk road

Sumer and Indus

Two earliest urban civilizations

Silk Road

Established as a trade route for the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas

Medieval period

• Jews and Muslim traveled to make trades

• Age of discovery: expedition and colonization

Christopher Colombus and Vasco de Gama

First man to travel the word

3 G of that Christopher Columbus and Vasco de Gama

God, Glory, and Gold

Industrial Period

• Industrial Revolution

  • Factories becoming the primary source of production

• European colonization

• End of World War 1

Great depression

Severe worldwide economic downturn

Gold standard crisis

The collapse of gold standard system as monetary

Modern Period

General agreement on tariffs and trades

Technological advancements and social movements

Theories of Globalization

World System Theory, World Polity Theory, and World Culture theory

World system theory

Developed by Immanuel Wallerstein in the 1970s

Explains the global inequality and economic disparities

3 world system

Core, Semi-Periphery, and Periphery

Core

• Fist world countries

• Industrialized nations that dominate the global trade and economy

• Wealthy and developed nations

Semi-Periphery

• Newly industrialized and developing countries

• Currently in transitioN

Periphery

• Less developed countries

• Often exploited for their resources and labor

• Dependent and poor countries

Word Polity Theory

• Developed by John W. Meyer in the late 20th century

• Focuses on global political and social structures transcending national boundaries

• International organizations are the center of the states

World Culture Theory

• Diffusion of cultrues

• Compressed into single entity