Social Studies 9.2

What were Black Codes and how did they restrict the rights and opportunities of Black Americans?

They were the Southern laws that severely restricted the freedom and opportunities of freedmen such as voting, owning guns, and serving on juries

What events led Radical Republicans to take control of Reconstruction and who were the leaders of the Republicans?

Violence against African Americans angered Republicans and convinced them to take control of Reconstruction. Thaddeus Stevens was the head of Congress, and Charles Sumner was the head of Senate

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 accomplish and why did Republicans pass the 14th amendment?

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 gave citizenship to freedmen, Republicans worried that the Supreme Court would overturn the law, so they passed the 14th amendment

What are some protections guaranteed by the 14th amendment?

It guaranteed citizenship to everyone born in the U.S., and it guaranteed equal protection under the law, it protected the rights to life, liberty, and property

How did Congress go about dismantling the newly formed Southern governments and how did they replace it?

They threw out all the Southern governments that didn’t pass the 14th amendment, they passed the military Reconstruction act that divided Southern states into 5 military districts- proposed by Congress and ruled by a general and they were put under martial law

Why did Republicans impeach President Johnson and how did his impeachment trail end?

Johnson opposed the reconstruction act and worked against it. The Republicans impeached him, and tried to remove him from office, but he was one vote shy of removal, but he wasn't removed from office because he didn’t break any laws

Why did Ulysses S. Grant easily win the election of 1868?

He was a war hero and received support from northern republicans and African Americans in the south. Former confederates were not allowed to vote, but African Americans were

What right guaranteed by the 15th amendment and what are some reasons why Republicans felt it was necessary?

It guaranteed the right to vote to all citizens, Republicans worried the supreme court would overturn the voting rights act, and they believed Black Americans would overwhelmingly vote republicans

What were the two main goals of the Radical Republicans?

to break the power of wealthy planters, and to ensure the rights of freedmen to vote

What does impeach mean?

to charge someone with a crime or misconduct; process of bringing charges against a government official for wrongdoing, they could be removed from office

What was the military reconstruction act?

It divided the Southern states into 5 military districts, it was proposed by Congress, and every district was ruled by a general, the South was put under martial law