APUSH AMSCO Unit 2

What time period does APUSH Period 2 cover?

1607–1754.

What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?

Jamestown

What crop saved Jamestown’s economy?

Tobacco

What was the headright system?

Granted 50 acres to settlers paying for passage to Virginia.

What was the House of Burgesses?

First representative assembly in colonial America (Virginia

Why did Plymouth Colony form?

Separatist Pilgrims sought religious freedom (1620).

What was the Mayflower Compact?

Agreement for self-government by Pilgrims.

Who founded Massachusetts Bay Colony and why?

Puritans led by John Winthrop in 1630 to build a 'city upon a hill'.

What was the Great Migration (1630s)?

Movement of 15

Who founded Rhode Island and why?

Roger Williams

Who founded Connecticut and why?

Thomas Hooker

What were the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?

First written constitution in America (1639).

What was the Halfway Covenant?

Puritan compromise for partial church membership.

Who was Anne Hutchinson?

Challenged Puritan authority; banished to Rhode Island.

What was the Pequot War?

Conflict between NE settlers and Pequot tribe (1636–1638).

What was King Philip’s War?

Metacom-led war (1675–1676) against NE expansion.

What was the Dominion of New England?

Royal consolidation of NE colonies under James II.

What were the Middle Colonies?

NY

Who founded Pennsylvania and why?

William Penn

What was mercantilism?

Economic theory that colonies benefit the mother country.

What were the Navigation Acts?

English trade laws favoring England.

What was salutary neglect?

Loose enforcement of trade laws before 1763.

What was the Triangular Trade?

Trade network linking Europe

What was the Middle Passage?

Horrific voyage of enslaved Africans to the Americas.

What were the Southern Colonies?

MD

Who founded Maryland and why?

Lord Baltimore for Catholics.

What was the Act of Toleration?

Maryland law granting Christian religious freedom (1649).

What was Bacon’s Rebellion?

1676 VA revolt against elites and Native policy.

What was the Stono Rebellion?

1739 SC slave uprising; led to stricter slave codes.

What was the Enlightenment’s impact on colonies?

Encouraged reason

Who was John Locke?

Philosopher advocating natural rights.

What was the Great Awakening?

Religious revival in 1730s–1740s.

Who were Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield?

Leaders of the Great Awakening.

What was the Zenger Trial?

1735 case supporting press freedom.

What were colonial assemblies?

Elected legislatures controlling local taxes/laws.

Period 2 (APUSH)

1607–1754; European colonization of North America.

Jamestown

First permanent English colony in Virginia

Tobacco

Cash crop that saved Virginia's economy.

Headright System

Land grants to encourage settlement in Virginia.

House of Burgesses

First elected assembly in America (1619).

Plymouth Colony

Founded 1620 by Pilgrims for religious freedom.

Mayflower Compact

Self-government agreement by Pilgrims.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Puritan colony founded 1630 by John Winthrop.

City upon a hill

Vision of a model Christian society.

Great Migration

Influx of Puritans to New England (1630s).

Roger Williams

Founded Rhode Island for religious freedom.

Rhode Island

Colony with tolerance and separation of church/state.

Thomas Hooker

Founded Connecticut for political freedom.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

First written constitution in America.

Halfway Covenant

Puritan membership compromise.

Anne Hutchinson

Challenged Puritan authority; banished.

Pequot War

Conflict between NE settlers and Pequot tribe.

King Philip’s War

Metacom-led resistance to NE expansion.

Dominion of New England

Royal union of NE colonies.

Middle Colonies

NY

William Penn

Founded Pennsylvania for Quaker refuge.

Mercantilism

Economic policy for mother country benefit.

Navigation Acts

English laws regulating colonial trade.

Salutary Neglect

Lax enforcement of trade laws pre-1763.

Triangular Trade

Trade linking Europe

Middle Passage

Voyage bringing enslaved Africans to Americas.

Southern Colonies

MD

Lord Baltimore

Founded Maryland for Catholics.

Act of Toleration

Maryland law granting Christian freedom.

Bacon’s Rebellion

1676 VA revolt vs. elites/Native policy.

Stono Rebellion

1739 SC slave revolt; stricter codes.

Enlightenment

Movement for reason and rights.

John Locke

Natural rights philosopher.

Great Awakening

Religious revival in 1730s–40s.

Jonathan Edwards

Great Awakening preacher.

George Whitefield

Traveling preacher of Great Awakening.

Zenger Trial

Case supporting press freedom.

Colonial Assemblies

Elected colonial legislatures.