All the major ligaments, tendons and joints

What are the 4 ligaments in the knee? what do they join?

What is the menisci cartilage in the knee

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Joins femur to medial intercondylar tubercle of tibia

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) Joins femur to lateral aspect of tibia (just in front of the lateral intercondylar tubercle)

Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Joins the lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) Joins the medial femoral epicondyle to the medial condyle of tibia

Medial and Lateral Menisci (cover the tibial plateau to make it deeper and absorb shock)

What are the 3 ligaments in the elbow?

Ulnar collateral ligament - Joins the medial humeral epicondyle to the coronoid process and olecranon process of the ulna

Radial collateral ligament - Joins the Lateral humeral epicondyle to the annular radial ligament

Annular radial ligament - Holds the radial head in the radial notch of the ulna

What are the two tendons in the knee?

Quadriceps tendon

Patellar tendon

What type of joint is the elbow? Why?

A synovial hinge joint, It is surrounded by a capsule and contains synovial fluid to reduce friction and provide nutrients to the bone.

Also articular cartilage on articulating surfaces of humerus, ulna and radius to reduce friction

There are also posterior and anterior fat pads in this joint which can indicate joint effusions

What type of joint is the knee?

synovial hinge joint, surrounded by a capsule with synovial fluid, the bones are surrounded by articular cartilage to prevent friction too

What are the different bursae in the knee?

The suprapatellar bursa (above patella)

The prepatellar bursa (in front of the patella between skin)

The superficial infrapatellar bursa (below the patella, between the patella tendon and skin)

The deep infrapatellar bursa (behind the patellar tendon)

What are the main joints in the hand?

Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

Metacarpophalangeal joints

CarpoMetacarpal joints

Distal RadioUlnar joint (ulnar head articulates with ulnar notch of radius)

What are the main joints in the foot and ankle?

Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

Metatarsophalangeal joints

TarsoMetatarsal joints

Distal TibioFibular joint (Tibia and fibula articulate just above the malleoli)

Mortice joint (Lateral malleolus of Fibula and Medial malleolus of Tibia articulate with the Talus)

What are the main joints in the shoulder?

Acromioclavicular joint (between acromion process and clavicle)

Sternoclavicular joint (between sternum and clavicle)

Glenohumeral joint (Between glenoid process and humerus)

What are the main joints in the chest?

CostoChondral joint (Between costal cartilage and the rib)

SternoCostal joint (between sternum and costal cartilage)

SternoClavicular joint (between sternum and clavicle)

CostoVertebral joint (Between head of ribs and thoracic vertebrae)

InterChondral joints (between adjacent costal cartilages of ribs) (Same area as intercostal muscles)

What is the main joint in the elbow?

Proximal radioulnar joint (Radial head sits in radial notch of ulna)

What are the main joints in the knee?

Patellofemoral joint (where patella and femur join)

Tibiofemoral joint (where tibia and femur join)

What is the name of a fracture you can't see in an X-ray

Occult fracture

What is the name of a fracture where ligament pulls off a bone fracture

Avulsion fracture

What happens if a fracture disrupts cartilage

Causes early arthritis called post traumatic osteoarthritis

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Which muscle in rotator cuff is common to calcified tendinitis

Supraspinatous muscle

Why do ligaments take longer to heal than bone?

No blood supply