Jacksonian Democracy

trevorrow

Age of the common man

Era of extending democracy to the ‘common man’ although historians disagree on what segments of the population saw the greatest benefit

spoils system

patronage system of appointing political friends and supporters to movement positions; Jackson became famous for it

Corrupt Bargain

Name for the controversial election of 1824; Jackson believed he had been cheated from the presidency

trail of tears

name for the journey forced upon the Cherokee upon being removed from Georgia; some 20% would die en route

John Quincy Adams

author of Monroe doctrine; well known diplomat and chosen by the House to be president after the election of 1824 with the help of Henry Clay, who became his Secretary of State

Charles Dickinson

Killed by Jackson, who withdrew federal funds and placed them in “pet banks'“

Worcester v. Georgia

1832 Supreme Court case in which John Marshall explained why only the national government, not states, could negotiate with Native Americans

Indian removal act

1830 legislation that required Native American tribes to be relocated to lands west of the Mississippi River

jacksonian democracy

universal white male suffrage characterized by this event ; marked the beginning of a new era of American democracy; Andrew Jackson becomes president

panic of 1837

Economic crisis due in part to the absence of a central bank and England’s tightening of credit to the U.S.

Tariff of 1828

1828 tax imports-the highest in history; southern states begin to start thinking about nullification and secession

kitchen cabinet

informal group of advisors to the president; Andrew Jackson relied on it for advice

nullification crisis

1830 argument in the U.S. Senate over state’s rights and nullification

Specie Circular

1836 executive order from Jackson; required payment in gold for sale of federal lands; devalued paper money and caused inflation helping to bring about an economic panic

proclamation to the People of South Carolina

1832 legislation that gave President Jackson the power to invade any state to enforce federal law; passed in response to South carolina’s nullification of the tariff

tariff of 1832

lowered the previous tariff, but not enough to satisfy southerners like John C. Calhoun

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

1831 supreme court case in which the Cherokee nation was found to lack proper standing to sue in federal court

Andrew Jackson

Hero of Battle of New Orleans; Winner of presidential election of 1828 and 1832; known as the “common man’s" president

Whigs

party of former nationalist Republicans who opposed Jackson’s policies; favored an activist federal government

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

Written by John c. Calhoun to protest the high tariff; states that the national tariff was null and void in South Carolina