Zumdahl Chemistry Chapter 20 (Organic Chemistry) Day 2

Naming Alkanes: Organic Compounds Day 2

Describe the difference between alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes in terms of the types of bonds they contain.

Describe the difference between alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes in terms of the types of bonds they contain.

Alkanes have only single bonds (C-C), alkenes contain double bonds (C=C), and alkynes contain triple bonds (C≡C).

Do alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes exhibit the highest reactivity, and in what order do they rank in terms of reactivity?

Alkynes exhibit the highest reactivity, followed by alkenes, and then alkanes.

Define the stability order of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.

Alkanes are the most stable, followed by alkenes, and then alkynes.

How do the molecular formulas of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes differ in terms of the relationship between carbon and hydrogen atoms?

Alkanes have the formula CnH2n+2, alkenes have CnH2n, and alkynes have CnH2n-2.

Describe the difference between structural and condensed formulas in organic chemistry.

Structural formulas show the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, while condensed formulas display the same information in a more compact form.

Define the suffixes -ane, -ene, and -yne in the context of naming organic compounds.

These suffixes indicate the type of bond present in the compound: -ane for single bonds, -ene for double bonds, and -yne for triple bonds.

How is the parent chain determined when naming alkanes in organic chemistry?

The parent chain is determined by identifying the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the compound.

Describe the process of naming branches in organic compounds using the #-yl suffix.

Branches in organic compounds are named by adding the #-yl suffix to the name of the alkane from which they are derived.

How should numbers be assigned when naming branches in organic compounds?

Numbers should be assigned in the direction that results in the branch having the lowest possible number.

Do the longest carbon chains in organic compounds have to be oriented horizontally, or can they also be vertical and horizontal?

The longest carbon chain in organic compounds can be oriented in any direction, including horizontal, vertical, or a combination of both.

How does the reactivity of alkynes compare to alkenes and alkanes?

Alkynes are more reactive than alkenes and alkanes.

Describe the order of stability among alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.

Alkanes are the most stable, followed by alkenes, and then alkynes.