7.6 Natural Resources & Conservation (Ch. 49)

Renewable Resource

Can be replenished naturally within a human lifetime. Examples: solar energy, wind, water (hydropower), timber (if managed), geothermal.

Nonrenewable Resource

Forms over millions of years; cannot be replaced once used. Examples: coal, oil, natural gas (fossil fuels), minerals.

Conservation

The careful management and protection of natural resources to prevent waste and ensure future availability.

Biodiversity

The variety of species in an ecosystem. Higher biodiversity = more resilient ecosystem. Threatened by habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, climate change.

Habitat Destruction

The leading cause of species extinction worldwide. Caused by deforestation, urbanization, agriculture expansion.

Invasive Species

A non-native species introduced to an ecosystem that outcompetes native species, often with no natural predators.

Sustainable Development

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.