AP Biology Unit 5 Test

Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of meiosis?

A. anaphase I

B. metaphase I

C. anaphase II

D. prophase I

A

How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE?

A. 16

B. 32

C. 8

D. 4

C

In the cross AaBbCc x AaBbCc, what is the probability of producing the genotype AABBCC?

A. 1/32

B. 1/64

C. 1/4

D. 1/16

B

Given the parents AABBCc x AabbCc, assume simple dominance for each trait and independent assortment. What is the proportion of the progeny that will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent?

A. 1/4

B. 3/4

C. 3/8

D. 1/8

B

An allele on the X chromosome is responsible for the recessive trait of red-green color blindness in humans. The daughter of a woman who is color-blind has normal vision and marries a man who is color-blind. This couple has a son, what is the probability that the son will be color-blind?

A. 1/2

B. 0

C. 3/4

D. 1/4

E. 1

A

A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H) and one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotype is possible in a gamete from this organism?

A. HhTt

B. HT

C. T

D. tt

B

Cinnabar eyes is a sex-linked recessive characteristic in fruit flies. If a femalee having cinnabar eyes is crossed with a wild-type male, what percentage of the F1 males will have cinnabar eyes?

A. 0%

B. 100%

C. 75%

D. 50%

B

Sex determination in mammals is due to the SRY region of the Y chromosome. An abnormality of this region could allow which of the following to have a male phenotype?

A. a person with an extra X chromosome

B. Turner syndrome, 45, X

C. a person with one normal and one shortened (deleted) X

D. translocation of SRY to an autosome of a 46, XX individual

D

In cats, fur color is cause by an X-linked allele; the other allele at this locus causes orange color. The heterozygote is tortoiseshell. What kinds of offspring would you expect from the cross of a black female and an orange male?

A. black females; orange ales

B. tortoiseshell females; tortoiseshell males

C. tortoiseshell females; black males

D. orange females; orange males

C

Why does recombination between linked genes continue to occur?

A. Recombination must occur or genes will not assort independently.

B. The forces on the cell during Meiosis II always result in recombination.

C. Recombination is a requirement or independent assortment.

D. New allele combinations are acted upon by natural selection.

D

Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in the sample will be thymine?

A. 8%

B. 42%

C. 16%

D. 31%

A

Which is a major function of DNA?

A. Provide evidence of evolution

B. Translocate between cells

C. Catalyze chemical reactions

D. Replicate itself

D

If one strand of DNA has the base sequence AAGCAA, the complementary strand is

A. UUCGUU

B. TTCGTT

C. AAGCAA

D. UTCGTU

B

In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe?

A. Mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections.

B. Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form.

C. Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacteria with a living pathogenic strain makes the pathogenic strain nonpathogenic.

D. Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of bacteria makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.

C

After mixing a heat-killed, phosphorescent (light-emitting) strain of bacteria with a living, nonphosphorescent strain, you discover that some of the living cells are now phosphorescent. Which observation(s) would provide the best evidence that the ability to phosphoresce is a heritable trait?

A. DNA passed from the heat-killed strain to the living strain

B. Protein passed from the heat-killed strain to the living strain

C. The phosphorescence in the living strain is especially bright

D. Descendants of the living cells are also phosphorescent

D

In E. coli, there is a mutation in a gene called dnaB that alters the helicase that normally acts at the origin. Which of the following would you expect as a result of this mutation?

A. No proofreading will occur.

B. Replication will occur via RNA polymerase alone.

C. No replication fork will be formed.

D. The DNA will supercoil

C

Eukaryotic telomeres replicate differently than the rest of the chromosome. This is a consequence of which of the following?

A. DNA polymerase that cannot replicate the leading strand template to its 5' end

B. gaps left at the 5' end of the lagging strand

C. the evolution of telomerase enzyme

D. gaps left at the 3' end of the lagging strand because od the need for a primer

B

To repair a thymine dimer by nucleotide excision repair, in which order do the necessary enzymes act?

A. DNA ligase, nuclease, helicase

B. helicase, DNA polymerase I, DNA ligase

C. endonuclease, DNA polymerase I, DNA ligase

D. endonuclease, DNA polymerase III, RNA primase

C

Which of the following would you expect of a eukaryote lacking telomeres?

A. a reduction in chromosome length in games

B. inability to repair thymine dimers

C. a high probability of somatic cells becoming cancerous

D. production of Okazaki fragments

A

Which of the following sets of materials are required by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes for replication?

A. nucleosome loosening, four dNTPs, four rNTPS

B. double-stranded DNA, four kinds of dNTPs, primers, origins of replication

C. G-C rich regions, polymerases, chromosome nicks

D. topoisomerases, telomerases, polymerases

B

E. Coli cells grown on 15N medium are transferred to 14N medium and allowed to grow for two more generations (two rounds of DNA replication). DNA extracted from these cells is centrifuged. What density distribution of DNA would you expect in this experiment?

A. one low-density and one intermediate-density band

B. one high-density and one intermediate-density band

C. one intermediate-density band

D. one high-density and one low-density band

A

A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand pared with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?

A. Okazaki fragments

B. nucleotides

C. DNA polymerase

D. DNA ligase

D

Rosalind Franklin's x-ray diffraction images taken in the 1950s most directly support which of the following claims about DNA?

A. The ratio of base pairs are constant

B. The two strands of DNA are antiparallel

C. The basic molecular structure is a helix

D. The nucleotide sequence determines genetic information

C

Still learning (5)

You've begun learning these terms. Keep up the good work!