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Magnetic Field
A vector field that describes the magnetic force exerted on moving charges, electric currents, or magnetic materials
What creates magnetic fields?
Magnetic Dipoles (NOT MONODIPOLES)
A magnetic dipole has both a _____ and _____.
North; South
What do magnetic fields lines allow us to visualize?
Allows us to visualize the magnetic field around a magnetic dipole or a magnetic object
Magnetic field lines always point in what direction to what direction?
North to South
Bar Magnet
Composed of multple magnetic dipoles and has a north and south pole
The magnetic field inside of a bar magnet points from ______ to ______.
South; North
A compass will align itself with the ________ _____ snd show a field’s direction at a point in space.
Magnetic Field
Magnetic fields form _______ _____.
Closed Loops
How are magnetic dipoles created?
The rotational (circular) motion of electric charge carriers
Spin
Fundamental property of an electron; can be up or down
Magnetic Dipoles always occur in ______.
Pairs
Can the North and South poles be separated from each other?
No
A magnetic dipole in an external magnetic field may experience a torque from the magnetic field. This torque can cause what?
The dipole to align with magnetic field
What directions do the magnetic moments in a nonmagnetic material look like?
They point in random directions.
What do the randomly arranged magnetic dipoles do to each other?
They cancel each other out.
Do nonmagnetic materials exhibit a magnetic field?
No
Induced Magnetism
When a non-magnetic material becomes magnetized due to an external magnetic field
What happens when you break a bar magnet in half?
When a magnet breaks, it will become two magnets with a north and south pole.
The Earth’s North Pole is the magnetic _____ _____.
South Pole
Magnets always point towards the ______ pole.
South
Magnetic Probablity
Describes a substance’s ability to form internal magnetic field
Magnetic Permeability
How magnetic a material is
Permeability of Free Space
The magnetic permeability of empty space
What does it mean that the permeability of free space is relatively low?
Free space does not create an internal magnetic field
How can we determine a material’s relative permeability?
Nonmagnetic materials have relative permeability very close to what?
1
Diamagnetic Permeability
Weak and temporary where these materials are repelled by a magnent
Paramagnetic Permeability
Weak and temporary where these materials are attracted by a magnet
True or False: Paramagnetic attraction to an external magnetic field is greater than a diamagnetic repulsion.
True
Ferromagnetic Permeability
k
In the presence of an external magnetic field, magnetic domains align with each other
The internal magnetic field increases the external magnetic field
Magnetic Domains
Region in which the magnetic fields of atoms are grouped together and aligned
