Physics Chapter 14 Book Work

What is the primary difference between a mechanical wave and an electromagnetic wave?

Mechanical waves require a medium. Electromagnetic waves do not.

What are the differences between transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves?

transverse waves cause the particles to vibrate perpendicular to the direction that the wave is moving

Longitudinal vibrate in a direction that is parallel

Surface waves have both characteristics

Suppose you send a pulse along a rope. How does the position of a point on the rope before the pulse arrives compare to the point's position after the pulse has passed?

The point is in the same place after the wave passed as it was before the wave arrived

What is the difference between a wave pulse and a continuous wave?

Pulse - a single disturbance

Continuous wave consists of several disturbances

Describe the difference between wave frequency and wave velocity.

Frequency - the number of vibrations per second

Velocity - describes motion of the wave through the medium

Suppose you produce a transverse wave by shaking one end of a spring from side to side. How does the frequency of your hand compare with the frequency of the wave?

They are the same

Waves are sent along a spring of fixed length.

A.) Can the speed of the waves in the spring be changed?

B.) Can the frequency of a wave in the spring be changed?

A.) No. Speed depends on the medium

B.) Yes. Change frequency at which waves are created

What is the amplitude of a wave and what does it represent?

Amplitude is the max displacement of a wave from equilibrium.

Describe the relationship between the amplitude of a wave and the energy it carries.

Amplitude represents the amount of energy transferred

When a wave reaches the boundary of a new medium, part of the wave is reflected and part of the wave is transmitted. What determines the amount of reflection?

The differences in the mediums

A pulse reaches the boundary of a medium in which the speed of the pulse becomes higher. Is the reflection of the pulse the same as for the incident pulse or is it inverted?

Same

A pulse reaches the boundary of a medium in which the speed is lower than the speed of the medium from which it came. Is the reflected pulse erect or inverted?

Inverted

When a wave crosses a boundary between a thin and thick rope, its wavelength and speed change, but its frequency does not. Explain why the frequency is constant.

Frequency only depends on the rate at which the thin rope is shaken.

When two waves interfere, is there a loss of energy in the system? Explain.

No. Energy remains the same, just redistributed

What happens to a spring at the nodes of a standing wave?

nothing

A metal plate is help fixed in the center and sprinkled with sugar. With a violin bow, the plate is stroked along one edge and made to vibrate. The sugar begins to collect in certain areas and away from others. Describe these regions in terms of standing waves.

Sugar areas are nodes where the vibration is zero. Non-sugar areas experience max vibrations

How does a spring pulse reflected from a rigid wall differ from the incident pulse?

It will be inverted

Describe interference. Is interference a property of all types of waves or only some types?

Interference - separation of 2 or more waves

All types of waves