Personal Development 1

hindi ako mabait na tao sana di ako babagsak sa perdev (amen) sources: sir ace ppt, quizzes (kayo na magreview ng stages 💯 di ko yun kayang iflashcardify)

Development

Development

As per Salkind (2004), it is the progressive series of changes that occur in a predictable pattern as the result of interactions between biological and environmental factors.

Psychosexual Theory

This theory is based on the biological orientation focused on psychosexual development.

Sigmund Freud

He is the father of Psychosexual Theory

Instincts

According to Freud, This is the main source of life energy.

Erogenous Zones

These are pleasure areas in the human body that is sensitive to stimulations.

Fixation

It refers to the attachment to a particular object or activity that may affect development.

Oedipus Complex

This is the attachment of a child to the mother.

Elektra Complex

This is the attachment of a child to the father.

Psychosocial Theory

It focuses on the psychosocial perspective considering the role of social factors, and socialization is important in this theory.

Erik Erikson

He expanded the theory of Freud from five to eight stages and named it Psychosocial.

Conflict

An individual needs to overcome this for him/her to be able to move to the next stage.

Equilibrium

This refers to the state of balance.

Cognitive Development Theory

In this theory, Education plays an important role. An individual grows through a dynamic process in which the body’s internal systems interact with the environment.

Object Permanence

An object continues to exist even if it isn’t seen.

Symbolic Thought

The child continues to develop using mental images, and symbols to represent what she/he knows.

Jean Piaget

He proposed the Cognitive Development Theory.

Moral Development Theory

In this theory, children understand right and wrong and develop a sense of morality.

Morality

Per Weiten (2011, 2014), it is the ability to distinguish right from wrong and to behave accordingly.

Lawrence Kohlberg

He proposed the Moral Development Theory.

Pre-Conventional Level

There is recognition of authority who gives punishment and reward.

Conventional Level

There is an understanding that there are rules to follow to be accepted and to maintain order.

Post Conventional Level

There is flexibility in accepting rules.

Body Image

This is how a person sees oneself.

Maturation

This is the process of becoming mature.

Self-esteem

This is the overall evaluation of how one sees herself/himself.

Adolescence

This is a crucial period in the development of an individual.

Hormones

It is a chemical substance that passes through the bloodstream to reach different organs and tissues.

Identity Crisis

It refers to a sense of not knowing who you are, and it is a state of confusion for you to understand what you want or what choices you make.

Puberty

This refers to the period in life when a boy and a girl undergo bodily changes and begin to become sexually mature.

Growth Spurt

These are physical changes that occur quickly as adolescence age, including length, height, and weight increases.

Crisis

This is an event or state or condition that affects an individual and can be a turning point in life and it gives them an opportunity to grow.

Psychological Change

It is a transition to the late part of adolescence in which he/she already has specific preferences for how he/she would like to present him/herself

Physiological Change

It is a transition in which the ovaries and testes begin to produce sex hormones that have secondary characteristics that signal reproductive readiness.

Physical Change

In this type of transition, a significant growth spurt sets in, which results in the individual’s distinct physical characteristics.

James Marcia

He made the Four Different Identity Statuses.

Identity Diffused

Low Commitment, Low Exploration.

Foreclosed

High Commitment, Low Exploration.

Moratorium

Low Commitment, High Exploration.

Identity Achieved

High Commitment, High Exploration.