Bone: Gross Anatomy of Bones

Diaphysis of long bones is an elongated and cylindrical shaft providing ___ and ___ to soft tissues in the limbs

Support and leverage

The medullary cavity is also called a ___ cavity

Marrow

The ___ cavity is the hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis

Medullary/Marrow

The medullary cavity contains ___ bone marrow in children and ___ bone marrow in adults

Red; Yellow

Each knobby end of long bones is called the ___ 

Epiphysis

The proximal epiphysis is the end ___ to the trunk of the body

Closest

The distal epiphysis is the end ___ from the trunk of the body

Farthest

A thin layer of hyaline cartilage is called ___ cartilage

Articular

Articular cartilage covers the joint surface of the ___

Epiphysis

Articular cartilage serves to reduce ___ and absorb ___

Friction; Shock

The metaphysis is found in ___ bone

Mature

The metaphysis is located between the ___ and ___

Diaphysis and epiphysis

The metaphysis contains the ___ or ___ plate

Epiphyseal or growth

The thin layer of compact epiphyseal plate bone in adults is called a ___ line

Epiphyseal

The periosteum is a ___ layer

Dual

The tough outer sheath covering bones is called the ___

Periosteum

The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called ___ fibers or ‘___’s fibers’

Perforating; Sharpey’s 

The endosteum covers ___ surfaces of the bone within the ___ cavity

Internal; Medullary

The endosteum contains ____ cells, ___, and ___

Osteoprogenitor; Osteoblasts, and osteoclasts

Short, flat, and irregular bones have an outer surface of ___ bone

Compact

Short, flat, and irregular bones have an inner surface of ___ bone

Spongy

Do short, flat, and irregular bones have a medullary cavity?

No

Spongy bone located in flat bones of the skull is called ___

Diploe

The small opening in the bone where vessels enter and exit is called ___

Nutrient foramen 

The specific vessel that enters the nutrient foramen is called a nutrient ___

Artery

The specific vessel that exits the nutrient foramen is called a nutrient ___

Vein