Genetics and Inheritance Review

Flashcards covering key concepts in genetics and inheritance.

Cystic Fibrosis

A recessive disorder affecting organs such as lungs and pancreas, requiring two recessive alleles for the disease to manifest.

Huntington's Disease

A dominant disease characterized by the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain.

Probability of Cystic Fibrosis in offspring

A child with cystic fibrosis has a 25% probability of being affected (cc).

Sickle Cell Anemia

A recessive disorder leading to sickle-shaped red blood cells, which die quickly and block vessels, with a 25% probability of occurrence (cc).

Haemophilia

A recessive disorder causing trouble with blood clotting, primarily affecting men.

Polydactyly

A dominant allele condition causing extra fingers or toes without impacting survival.

Sex chromosomes

The 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine a person's biological sex; XX for female and XY for male.

Mendel's discovery

Recognized after his death; utilized mathematics and statistics to study inheritance, challenging the blending theory.

Single Gene Inheritance

Inheritance patterns where a trait is controlled by just one gene, distinguished by dominant and recessive alleles.

Autosomes

22 pairs of chromosomes that carry most genes, not related to sex characteristics.