Bio Midterms ALL units 2a-6

carbon dioxide

The image below represents a cross section of a leaf.  The letters represent various substances entering and exiting the leaf during photosynthesis reactions.  In the diagram, letter C is likely

oxygen and water vapor

In the diagram above, letters A and B most likely represent what two substances?

stomata

In the diagram above, the substances move through  openings called

heterotrophs

Given the following diagram, match A with the correct word

Autotrophs

Given the following diagram, match B with the correct word

Photosynthesis

Given the following diagram, match C with the correct word

Chloroplast

Given the following diagram, match D with the correct word

Glycolysis

Given the following diagram, match E with the correct word

Cytoplasm

Given the following diagram, match F with the correct word

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Given the following diagram, match G with the correct word

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Given the following diagram, match H with the correct word

Light energy to chemical bond energy

Which energy conversion occurs during photosynthesis

green

A producer such as a plant would show the least growth when exposed to light of which color?*

starch

In most green plants, surplus glucose is stored as what chemical?

water

Which of the following is the molecular source of oxygen gas produced during photosynthesis?

chloroplasts

In green plants, carbohydrates are produced from inorganic substances within

photolysis of water

In the photosynthetic process, which of the following events occurs before the other three?

export of starch to the roots

oxygen release

photolysis of water

carbon dioxide absorption

oxygen gas is released

Which statement associated with the light dependent reaction is true?

cellular respiration ceases

carbon dioxide is absorbed

carbon fixation occurs

oxygen gas is released

stroma

The site of the Calvin Cycle is the ______

oxygen

Which of the substances below would not slow photosynthesis if it was in short supply?

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Light

Chlorophyll

Are able to absorb parts of the light spectra chlorophyll a does not

Carotenoid pigments differ from Chlorophyll a in that

They are the same color visually

They absorb all wavelengths of light emitted by the sun

Are stored in plastids

Are able to absorb parts of the light spectra chlorophyll a does not

Carbon Dioxide

The continuous source of carbon in the Calvin Cycle is ____

carbon fixation

The removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the formation of small carbon chain is known as

algae

The conversion of light energy into chemical bond energy occurs in which of the following:*

Algae 

Grasshoppers

Heterotrophic bacteria

Yeast

synthesize glucose

In terms of nutrition, the significant difference between green plants and animals is that green plants alone are able to..

break down carbohydrates

synthesize glucose

carry on aerobic respiration

 form ATP molecules

glucose

Which of the following is not a product of aerobic cellular respiration?

glucose 

carbon dioxide

water

ATP

36

How many ATP molecules result from aerobic respiration?

2

How many ATP result from anaerobic respiration

glycolysis, cytoplasm

The initial stage of all forms of cellular respiration is __________ and occurs in the __________.

Potential chemical bond energy in glucose -------> ATP energy

The energy conversion that occurs during aerobic cellular respiration is best summarized as:

Potential chemical bond energy in glucose -------> ATP energy

Light energy ------> ATP energy

Light energy -------> Potential Chemical Bond Energy in glucose

ATP energy --------> Active Transport/cellular growth

all organisms

Phosphorylation of ATP promoted by the breakdown of glucose occurs in

atp synthase

The enzyme responsible for the formation of adenosine triphosphate is primarily

christae

The inner folds of membrane where aerobic cellular respiration reactions occur are known as

Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation, Animal Muscle Cells, Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

Which of the lists below correctly identifies the form of fermentation with the organism who uses that strategy and the chemical(s) produced during the reaction.

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Yeast, Lactic Acid

Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation, Yeast, Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation, Yeast, Ethyl Alcohol

Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation, Animal Muscle Cells, Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

Both organelles can live independently from their host cell

Which of the following does not provide evidence that both the mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from independently living bacteria?*

Both organelles can live independently from their host cell 

Both organelles contain Ribosomes

Both organelles contain double membranes

Both organelles contain circular rings of DNA

digestion, diffusion, cellular respiration

Arrows A, B, C in the diagram below represent the processes necessary to transfer the energy stored in food available for muscle cell activity.  The correct sequence of A, B, and C is:

diffusion, synthesis, active transport

digestion, diffusion, cellular respiration

digestion, excretion, cellular respiration

synthesis, active transport, excretion

glucose

In the diagram below, the item labeled as food molecules most likely represent

ATP

In the diagram, compound C most like represents some molecules of:

oxygen

glucose

ATP

DNA

carbon dioxide

If this cell is carrying on aerobic respiration, B would represent molecules of a waste product known as

oxygen

If this represents a cell from a human body, the molecules "A" are most likely

mitochondria

The cell organelle labeled "Z" is called

lactic acid fermentation, ethyl alcohol fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

Aerobic Cellular Respiration: A form of anaerobic respiration

aerobic Cellular respiration,

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: Occurs in muscle cells of humans

aerobic Cellular respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: Requires mitochondria to occur

aerobic cellular respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: 19X more efficient than other forms

All

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration:Includes the process of glycolysis

aerobic cellular respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration:Requires oxygen as a reactant

all

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration:Produce ATP as a product

Lactic acid fermentation, ethyl alcohol fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: May be used by bacteria

ethyl alcohol fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: may be used by yeast

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation, Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation

or Aerobic Cellular Respiration: Performed by plants

Endosymbiont Theory

This theory explains the evolution of eukaryotic cells from the cooperation of ancient prokaryotic cells.

carbon fixation

The conversion of atmospheric carbon to usable organic molecules

Phosphorylation

The process that bonds a phosphate group to a molecule.

ATP synthase

The name of the enzyme required to produce ATP.

thylakoid membrane

Location of light dependent reactions within the chloroplast

carotenoid

Orange-yellow accessory pigment found in plant leaves

photosystems

A collection of chlorophyll pigment and enzymes located within thylakoid membranes.

light dependent reaction

Stage of photosynthesis involving photolysis.

Calvin Cycle, Light independent reaction

Stage of photosynthesis that uses stored energy in NADPH and ATP as reactants, two answers..

stomata

Entry and exit point for gases required or produced during photosynthesis.

xx

overall equation for photosynthesis

xx

In the space below, write the overall equation for aerobic cellular respiration.

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain a mitochondria

plant

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains a cell wall

plant

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain 1 large vacuole

plant

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains chloroplasts

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains a membrane

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains a nucleus

animal

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains centrioles

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains ribosomes

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain exoskeletons?

animal

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain lysosomes?

animal

plant cell, animal cell, or both; have two vacuoles?

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain cytoplasm

eukaryotic

 Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both; contains a nucleus

both

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both; contains genetic material

both

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both; contains a cell membrane

prokaryotic

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both, contains a DNA plasmid

both

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both, contains ribosomes

eukaryotic

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both, contains membrane bound organelles

prokaryotic

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both; found ONLY in bacteria

eukaryotic

Eukaryotic Cell, Prokaryotic Cell, or  Both, found in animals, animals, protests, fungi

golgi body

Packages and modifies proteins?

leukoplasts

Stores starch?

cell membrane

Regulates movement of materials in or out of a cell

lysosomes

Contain digestive enzymes, breaks down cell parts

vacuole

 Storage of materials

mitochondria

Produces cellular energy  (ATP)

chloroplasts

 Site of photosynthesis

cell wall

Structural boundary of a plant cell

ribosomes

Site where proteins are made

chromoplasts

 Store accessory pigments

cytoskeleton

 Microtubules/ microfilaments

nucleolus

 Site where ribosomes are made

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contain peroxisome?

both

plant cell, animal cell, or both; contains nucleolus?

Lysosomes, 2 Vacuoles, Centroids

what 3 are in animal cells but not plant cells?? (LVC)

Cell walls, chloroplasts, leukoplast, vacuole

what 4 are in plant cells but not animal cells?? (CCLV)

prokaryotic

eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell; old