Studied by 12 people5 Key Factors of Disorders
Atypical, disturbing, maladaptive, unjustifiable, and chronic/enduring.
Atypical
If something is abnormal/weird from typical behavior.
Disturbing
Something that causes anxiety/worrying to others.
Maladaptive
Something that’s harmful to oneself, or others.
Unjustifiable
Something that doesn’t have a good reason/explanation.
Chronic/Enduring
When something is lasting or permanent.
The Medical Model
Mental health needs to be diagnosed, treated, and cured.
DSM-V
Something that classifies/diagnoses disorders. Like web MD.
Neurotic Disorders
Still allows one to function.
Psychotic Disorders
Irrationality, and tougher to deal with.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
A prediction that turns out to happen, partially because of the persons belief or mindset.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Someone that’s always tense and uneasy.
Panic Disorder/Panic Attacks
Anxiety reaches the level of having panic attacks.
Phobic Disorders
Irrational factors cause a typical, maladaptive, and unjustifiable fear.
Social Anxiety Disorder
WHen people feel intensely fearful of participating in social situations.
Agoraphobia
The fear of an open space/crowds.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Repetitive thought and/or actions that interfere with how we live/causes distress.
PTSD
Experience of a traumatic event leads to symptoms such as anxiety, edginess, etc.
Somatic Symptom Disorders
Physical symptoms without apparent physical causes.
Conversion Disorder
Anxiety switches to physical issues.
Illness Anxiety Disorders (Formerly Hypochondriasis)
Normal things are perceived as a crisis.
Dissociative Disorders
A loss of memory, feelings, and thoughts.
Amnesia
A major disconnect with memory
Dissociative Amnesia
Traumatic events/select memories are forgotten.
Anterograde Amnesia
Failue to form memories and remember events after trauma/illness.
Retrograde Amnesia
Failure to recall memories that occured before trauma/illness.
Fugue
Leaving one’s identity and starting a new one.
D.I.D
When someone has two or more distinct personalities.
Major Depressive Disorder
Hopelessness and lethargy.
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Depression caused by lack of quality sunlight.
Dysthymis Disorder
Being in a depressed mood for an extended period of time.
Bipolar Disorder
Switch between depression and manic states.
Mania
Overexcited, hyperactive, possibly reckless, few inhibitions, and talkative.
Attribution
Explanations and reasoning. Where do we lay credit/blame?
Rumination
When someone has compulsive fretting/overthinking.
Schizophrenic Disorders
“Split mind”, being split from reality, from normal thinking and feelings, etc.
Positive Symptoms
Presence of inappropriate thoughts and behaviors. Disorganized, deluded, and inappropriate emotions.
Negative Symptoms
Absence of appropriate thoughts/behaviors. Toneless, stiff, and cold.
Disorganized/Fragmented Thoughts (+or -)
They’re all over the place, and can’t stay on one topic.
Delusions (+)
False beliefs.
Hallucinations (+)
Sensory experiences without sensory input.
Flat Affect (-)
State of extreme apathy, a lack of any emotion.
Catatonia (-)
Motionlessness or very limited movement.
Acute Onset of Schizophrenia
Chronic/Process Onset of Schizophrenia
Histrionic Disorder
A need for attention, praise and recognition at high levels.
Narcissistic Disorder
Inflate self-importance, grandiose view of self, and a lack of empathy towards others.
Borderline Personality Disorder
Unstable identity, impulsive behaviors, and a struggle to project towards the future.
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Overly eccentric behavior, a lack of social care, and dismissal of social norms.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Lack of conscience/concern for others.
Eclectic Approach
Most psychologists use multiple techniques to assess someone.
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Bring the source of trouble into the consciousness, then a therapist can interpret it.
Blocks
Thought deprivation/being stuck on one thing.
Transference
When feeling from other sources are directed onto a therapist.
Psychodynamic Therapy
Find sources of trouble from in the past.
Interpersonal Therapy
Focus on any underlying sources of problems in current relationships.
Humanistic Therapy
Focus on the present, growth, consciousness, and self awareness.
Person-Centered Therapy
When the therapist listens, and lets the clients direct the session.
Active Listening
Becoming a psychological mirror, hitting them with applicable questions, and bouncing ideas back at them.
Behavioral Therapy
Focus on changing the behavior/actions and associations.
Exposure Therapy
Expose clients to sources of trouble so that they can create new associations.
Systematic Desensitization
Create a hierarchy of anxiety and build up to confrontation.
Aversive Conditioning
Pair bad behaviors with negative stimuli.
Token Economy
Receive a “token” for positive acts that can be exchanged for “real” rewards.
Cognitive Therapy
Thoughts influence behavior/actions. The way that we end up thinking.
Rational-Emotive Therapy
Destroy any hard thoughts/ideas. Replace negative things with positive.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Work on how the patient thinks, and their behaviors.
Self-Help/Support Groups
When you’re among others that have similar experiences as you.
Family Therapy
Can bring a family together and help fix a long-lasting problem.
Psychopharmacology
When drugs/medicine is used to treat disorders.
Antipsychotics
Drugs that balance symptoms/block any bad activity.
Antianxiety
Drugs that try to decrease any negative symptoms.
Antidepressants
Drugs that increase mood through control of the brain and body activity.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)
Drugs that keep as much serotonin available as possible.
Lithium
A simple salt used to balance any bipolar swings.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
A coil that delivers magnetic pulses that stimulate nerve cells in the region of your brain involved with mood control/depression.
Psychosurgery
Removes lesions/brain tissue to cure a disorder.
Lobotomy
Disconnects part of the frontal lobe.
Note
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