Psy 435 Exam 2 Questions

professional relationship

Psychotherapy is defined as treatment procedures provided within a _____________.

less

Media misrepresentations of psychotherapy can make it ______ likely that troubled people will seek the help they need.

approach

Psychotherapies can most logically be grouped according to their theoretical ________ to behavior and behavior disorder.

therapeutic alliance

The _____________describes the emotional bond that develops between the therapist and client.

genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of three main therapist characteristics, including _________, __________and _______________.

have their own therapy

Psychodynamic clinical training programs typically require trainees to _______in order to become more effective therapists.

unconscious; self-knowledge

For Freud, insight meant understanding the role of ______ processes in disorder. In behavioral and other forms of treatment, insight is about more general ________.

a level the client can understand

Educating clients requires that the therapist be able to present information at what level?

placebo effect

The positive expectations that help clients succeed in psychotherapy are related to the ________, a phenomenon long recognized as part of the success of medical treatment.

conflict of interest

A therapist is contemplating selling his house to a client. Actually doing so would create a ________________ for the therapist.

supervisors; colleagues

Therapists should consult with ________or _________ when unsure how to handle an ethically tricky situation.

values

One of the most difficult ethical situations arises when therapists are working with clients whose _____ differ significantly from their own.

psychoanalytic

Longer treatment durations tend to be associated with __________ approaches to treatment.

top-down (therapist based)

A treatment planning approach based mainly on the therapist’s theoretical orientation is called _________.

humanistic

The therapists most likely to engage in a lot of self-disclosure tend to take a __________ approach to treatment.

independent variables, dependent variables

The factors that researchers manipulate in a treatment outcome experiment are called __________; the factors in which changes are to be observed are called ___________.

internal

When appropriately conducted, randomized controlled trials have high ____________ validity.

randomized controlled trials

Clinical scientists assign greater weight to the results of well-conducted _______________ than to other research designs when selecting psychological treatments.

representative; scientific

Client satisfaction surveys support the value of psychotherapy, but their results are not based on a _________ sample of clients and are therefore not ________.

design quality

Box score reviews of therapy-outcome studies have been criticized because they do not take into account differences in the ________ of the studies reviewed.

sensitive

The results of meta-analyses of therapy outcomes have been criticized because their statistical methods and the way studies are combined may not be _________ enough to identify differences between different treatments for specific disorders.

unnecessary

Because many people are convinced that self-help methods work for them, they see formal evaluation of these methods as ___________.

behavioral and structural family therapies

Which types of family therapy have received the strongest empirical support?

psychotherapy

When given a choice between medication or psychotherapy, many clients prefer ____.

external

Results that are applicable, or generalizable, to clients, problems, and situations other than those included in the controlled outcome experiment are said to have high__________validity.

efficacious; effective

Treatments that work in large-scale studies conducted under controlled conditions are said to be___________; whereas those that are useful in the real-world of clinical service are said to be__________.

dissemination

Clinical scientists are not only emphasizing the identification of treatments that work best for various disorders, but also the _________ of that information to practicing clinicians.

free association

When Freud found that not all his clients could be hypnotized, he substituted a method known as _________ to help them uncover unconscious material.

transference

Clients’ feelings of anger toward or affection for their psychoanalyst are seen as examples of ____________.

defense mechanism

Projection, reaction formation, and displacement are all examples of what Freud called _____________.

psychodynamically oriented

psychotherapists who developed treatments based on Freud’s classical methods are known as __________ therapists.

false

True or false? Revised versions of Freud’s psychoanalysis did not appear until after his death in 1939.

object relations

The nature of the attachment that develops between infants and their earliest caregivers is emphasized most by __________therapies.

relationship distress

Interpersonal therapy is based on the idea that a key factor maintaining depressive symptoms and other psychological problems is________________.

death of a loved one; conflict with family members, friends, or coworkers; a significant role transition; or insufficient meaningful interpersonal relationships

Therapists and patients collaboratively select one of the following four interpersonal problem areas to focus on in therapy: __________, __________, __________, __________.

non-specialist providers

Interpersonal therapy is playing an increasingly important role in advancing global mental health given it can be administered by _______________.

therapeutic relationship

In most forms of humanistic psychotherapy, the most important curative factor is thought to be the ______________.

False

True or False?: The first step in most forms of humanistic therapy is to give psychological tests to establish a diagnosis of the client’s problems.

existential

The most philosophically-based form of humanistic treatment is _________ therapy.

reinforcements, pleasure, mastery

In behavioral activation, clients plan activities that will provide _______ from the environment, and increase their experiences of _______ and _______.

hierarchy, avoidance

A fear _______ is a series of increasingly difficult steps designed to reduce _______ behavior and test feared outcomes.

assertiveness training, social skills training

A behavioral technique designed to help clients clearly express their feelings and wishes is called __________, a type of _____________.

socratic, guided discovery

Instead of arguing with clients, cognitive therapists use _______ questioning and _______ to help clients change unhealthy thinking patterns.

labeling

Calling oneself an “idiot” is an example of the cognitive distortion called ________.

schemas

The underlying associations in memory that serve as a script or lens that guide how we view situations reflect our _______.

empirical

Cognitive, behavioral, and acceptance-based approaches all emphasize the importance of ________ research to guide treatment planning and evaluation.

second

In the evolution of behavioral approaches to treatment, cognitive behavior therapy would be considered to be in the _____ wave.

mindfulness

One of the most important elements in third-wave behavioral therapies is a concept known as ________________.

what, how

To address the treatment gap, we need to consider both ____ services are being offered and ____ those services are being offered.

informal interventions, formal but not mental health-specific interventions, complementary and alternative interventions, and population based interventions

Beyond in-person therapy, what other categories of interventions can help people with mental disorders?

non-specialist providers, settings

Expanding the reach of mental health services will require expanding the number of ___________ and offering services in _________ where people already go.

6 to 12, confidential

Group therapy usually involves ______ clients, all of whom agree to keep information shared in group meetings ______.

homogenous, heterogeneous

Therapy group members are often somewhat _______ in terms of their main problem area, but they can be _______ with respect to their other characteristics.

psychoeducational

Cognitive behavioral groups typically include _______ components designed to teach clients about research on the nature of their problems and how best to change unhelpful ways of thinking.

distress, communication difficulties

The two main problems that lead couples to seek therapy involve _______and __________.

social relationship system

Therapists who conduct couples or family therapy see the ________ as the client.

behavioral

Parent management training is a feature of ________________approaches to family therapy.

reduced

One of the obvious advantages of training NSPs to deliver mental health services is that client waiting times can be ________.

eHealth

Online college courses are the educational equivalent of __________.

universal mental health provisions

______________ is the most wide-reaching level of prevention science.

legal

Maurie is currently cheating on her husband with one of her clients. Gasp, what a scandal. From this she loses her license’s, which is a ______ punishment

medication

Eddie was diagnosed with depression and is currently offered either therapy or medication. What choice would an insurance company push for?

competency

Lila is currently going to therapy for her depression however wants her therapist to start running couples therapy with her alcoholic father. the therapist would most likely run into what type of problem

rupture

As Antoni and their therapist, Caul, further their treatment the two of them beginning arguing. Antoni want to focus on improving his class attention while Dr. Caul wants to focus on their maladaptive cognitions.

inpatient

Due to possible threats to himself, Gunther is being sent to a public hospital for 3 days. What type of setting is this?

interpretations

Hunter often tries to get his client Dean to talk about his dreams. Hunter then tries to get Dean to connect these with his anxiety around people watching him in public to try and draw new information. In this process, Hunter is trying to get Dean to make what?

protection of third parties

During a session, Jessica says she’ll kill her little sister with a kitchen utensil. Believing this threat to be legitimate, Jessica’s therapist would have to report this because of what:

effectiveness

Regardless of lab results, Dr. Temps treatment for Madeline’s ocd has helped her lessen her symptoms. this shows the treatment has what

dismantling

After discovering that a complex form of CBT is uniquely good at treating bipolar disorder, the Purdue Clinical Studies lab begins what process in order to understand which therapeutic aspects were the most helpful?

psychoanalytic ID

Currently, 12 year old Kira has a problem where she constantly has to chew on things- pencils, chew toys, the insides of her cheeks. During therapy, Dr. Theurn crucially discovers that Kira was only bottle fed and was quickly taken off of the bottle as a child and believes he’s found the core of the problem. From this, we can conclude that Dr. Theurn is a ________ psychologist and that Kira’s behavior comes from too much of what part of the unconscious?

psychoanalytic superego

Martin suffers from severe anxiety, in which he denies himself relatively normal behavior because he things its socially wrong. During therapy, Dr. Theurn concludes that Martins refusal to do certain activities comes from conflict between his wants and how his strict mormon upbrining shaped his understanding of social Normas From this, we can conclude that Dr. Theurn is a ________ psychologist and that Kira’s behavior comes from too much of what part of the unconscious?

structural

the id, ego, and superego shape what Freudian model of personality?

regression

To deal with the stresses of her intense 50 hour a week schedule, 30 year old Diana takes time out of her busy schedule to lay in a bed of stuffed animal to remind her of less stressful times. A psychoanalytic therapist would say she is coping with her problems with which defense mechanism?

displacement

Juno recently got a D on a test they spent hours studying for and needed a B on. Instead of healthily handling their problems, Juno takes them out on their roommate by yelling at them. A psychoanalytic therapist would say she is coping with her problems with which defense mechanism?

sublimation

To deal with her anger of getting laid off, Heather goes ham at a local rage room. A psychoanalytic therapist would say she is coping with her problems with which defense mechanism?

hysteric

During the 1890’s, Anna suffered sever coughs, surprise neck and arm paralysis, and other physical symptoms. With no logical somatic cause, Anna went a neurologist Joseph Breuer who, after talking with her, came to the conclusion that her symptoms were caused by her mental turmoil of being a housewife. Anna’s condition would have been called what?

transference

To deal with various stressors and traumas from her family, Garcia goes to talk to her local psychoanalyst, Dr. Neth. While they got along well in the first few sessions and Dr. Neth hadn’t done anything to slight Garcia, after three sessions of talking about her mother, who often left Garcia alone in order to help her younger siblings or work, Garcia begins to get fed up with how much Dr. Neth is ignoring her, believing that he isn’t actually listening to her and lashing out at him. What psychoanalytic aspect is this?

psychoanalytic

To help with his poor self cognitions, Andrew is asked by his psychologist to keep a detailed dream journal to talk about during sessions. What psychological theory does Andrew’s therapist most likely ascribe to?

Freudian

Rachel Jackson reports that she vomits before leaving for school most mornings. Dr. Hethen sees this as an unconscious defense mechanism to get out of school. Dr. Hethen is most likely what type of psychoanalyst?

Alerian

Rachel Jackson reports that she vomits before leaving for school most mornings. Dr. Maria sees this as coming from her anxiety from her misconception such as “I must be accepted by all of my new friends.” Dr. Maria is most likely what type of psychoanalyst?

object relations

Marsha is a 17 year old teen who can’t make friends because she doesn’t believe anyone will actually be there for her and want to be her friend. After some sessions, Dr. Maria concludes that this is because Marsha’s relationship with her mother often struggled as her mother often made and the broke promises. Dr. Maria most likely subscribes to what branch of psychoanalytical therapy?

relational

Lily often date girls who are toxic, controlling, and take up all her time. Dr. Fruth believes these problems come from Lily’s relationship with her mother, as her mother focused 100% of her time and attention on Lily, even when she was in middle school. Dr. Fruth believes this then informed Lily’s concept of a normal and appropriate relationship. Dr. Fruth most likely practices what type of psychodynamic therapy?

interpersonal

Carter was recently diagnoses with depression due to his negative self cognitions. Dr. Vencint believes these stem from how Carter and his father talk to each other, which Carter’s father often being openly critical. Dr. Vencint most likely subscribes to what twist on psychoanalytic therapy?

ideal and real

Oliver is currently struggling with some self destructive thoughts. He views himself as a A student however, he continues to get B’s and some C’s and this has given him so much anxiety that he cant bring himself to study to get good grades. According to humanistic therapy, this would illuminate a problem between which two of Oliver’s selves?

empathy

As Daniel recently got fired and kicked out of his apartment, Dr. Frederman focuses on trying to understand what Daniel is going through. This process is what common aspect of humanistic/person centered therapy?

Gestalt

Dr. Romney is currently working with Mitt to get through his resentment and anger he holds for his brother, who he had to compete with to receive his parents affections. Through various strategies, such as role playing different scenarios, that often frustrated Mitt, Dr. Romney gets him to understand more self-awareness of how he treated his brother and how these conditions are more the fault of his parents. Dr. Romney most likely subscribes to what type of therapy strategy?

Operant

Jessica conditions her friends to repeat a certain word or phrase each day by clicking a button and giving them a high five after it’s said. this is an example of what type of conditioning?

stimulus

While performing a functional analysis for Rachael’s anxiety and eating disorder, Dr. Maeshal writes down how often Rachael does the following things: Watching commercials about food, selecting clothing, walking by the refrigerator, smelling chocolate, hearing her parents arguing. What aspect are these studying?

Organism

While performing a functional analysis for Rachael’s anxiety and eating disorder, Dr. Maeshal writes down how often Rachael does the following things: Sensation of hunger, anxiety, concern about weight, worry about being fat, anger over being deprived, fears she might lose control. What aspect are these studying?

Response

While performing a functional analysis for Rachael’s anxiety and eating disorder, Dr. Maeshal writes down how often Rachael does the following things: Avoidance of food for a few hours (adding to feeling of deprivation), followed by binging. What aspect are these studying?

consequences

While performing a functional analysis for Rachael’s anxiety and eating disorder, Dr. Maeshal writes down how often Rachael does the following things: Satiation, increase in guilt and anxiety about weight gain, and renewed plans to restrict eating. What aspect are these studying?

ABC

Dr. Marshal takes a different approach when studying Rachael’s father, James. Here, she marks that James first got in a fight with Lena (the antecedent) and then went out drinking (behavior). While he forgot about he forgot about his problems (short term consequence), he was too hungover to look for a job the next day, wasted more money, and upset Lena (long term consequence). What assessment approach is Dr. Marshal using for James?

habituation

By routinely having Charlie, who is scared of dogs, sit in a room with dogs, Dr. Burbank is trying to Charlie to experience what crucial aspect of exposure therapy?

self-efficacy

Exposure therapy focuses on returning control back to participants. This is seen as providing a greater sense of what?

overlearning

Jamie, who suffers from cleaning related compulsions tied to their OCD, ends their exposure therapy by practicing spilling drinks and not cleaning it up, even though they’re compulsions are tied to cleaning and organizing messes. What aspect of exposure therapy, often coming at the end of treatment, is this?

safety

Lena has a a fear of going some place and having an anxiety attack. Because of this she carries around her prescribes anxiety pills, even though she regularly does not take them. Under exposure therapy, what type of behavior is this?

activation

Rachel Jackson’s father, James, is experiencing depressive symptoms associated with his unemployment. A therapist using this behavioral technique would likely encourage him to first track his mood as he engages in various activities throughout a typical week to learn what factors make him feel a little better or a little worse. James would then log these and, in theory, do more activities that he rated as making him feel better.

aversion

Maggie is a recovering alcoholic. to help her progress, Dr. Adler gives her a set of pills that will make her sick any time she drinks alcohol. This will hopefully make her connect the alcohol with being sick and lessen her desire to drink it. What type of exposure therapy is this?

cognitive

Lena is currently suffering from depression, especially due to her self-critical thoughts. For instance, when she forgot to pack the twins’ lunches before school, she thought, “I’m a bad mother,” and when she felt impatient with the slow pace of her husband’s search for a job, she thought, “I should be a more patient wife”. What type of therapy would focus on these thoughts as being the core of Lena’s problems?

labeling

Lena is currently suffering from depression, especially due to her self-critical thoughts. For instance, when she forgot to pack the twins’ lunches before school, she thought, “I’m a bad mother,” and when she felt impatient with the slow pace of her husband’s search for a job, she thought, “I should be a more patient wife”. What type of negative thoughts would a cognitive psychologist see these as?