Chapter 7: Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) and its role in the TCP/IP protocol suite.

Datagram

A variable-length packet consisting of a header and data used in the network layer.

Fragmentation

The process of dividing a datagram into smaller packets to accommodate the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the network.

Checksum

An error detection method used to verify the integrity of a packet by comparing the calculated value at the sender and the receiver.

IP Protocol

The transmission mechanism used at the network layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite.

MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit)

The maximum size of a packet that can be transmitted over a network.

IP Header

The section of an IPv4 datagram that contains essential routing and delivery information.

ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

A network technology that encapsulates IP packets in cells for transmission over a switched WAN.

Options in IP Datagram

Variable-length fields in the IP header that are not required but can be used for network testing and debugging.

TTL (Time to Live)

A field in the IP header that determines the lifetime of a packet and prevents it from circulating indefinitely.

Encapsulation

The process of wrapping data within another form, such as adding a header to a data packet.

Protocol Field

A part of the IP header that indicates the next level protocol used in the IP packet.

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)

An IP protocol used for managing multicast group memberships.

Source IP Address

The IP address of the device sending the IP packet.

Destination IP Address

The IP address of the device intended to receive the IP packet.

Variable Length

Refers to the ability of datagrams to be of different sizes, allowing flexible transmission depending on the data.

Fragment Offset

A field in the IP header that indicates where in the datagram a fragment belongs.

Strict Source Route

An option in an IP header that specifies all routers a packet must pass through.

Loose Source Route

An option in an IP header that specifies some routers a packet must pass through, while allowing flexibility for others.

Record Route Option

An option that records the route taken by the packet, allowing for tracing of the path it follows.

No Operation (NO-OP)

An option in an IP header used primarily for alignment purposes.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

A transport layer protocol that emphasizes low-latency transmission of data.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

A transport layer protocol that ensures reliable transmission of data.