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Organization
Parts of the body interact and have specific relationships to each other.
Epithelial Tissue
Covers body surfaces and lines the internal organs.
Intermediate
Between and medial and lateral structure
Medial
Toward the midline of the body
Tendon
Attach muscle to bone
Ligament
Attach bone to bone
Cell
Basic living unit of all plants and animals
Ex. molecules combine to form organelles, which are small structures making up the cell.
Homeostasis
Maintaining a stable, internal environment
Positive Feedback Loop
The product of a system speeds up the systems operation.
Ex. Hormones in pregnancy that cause contractions.
Tissue
A group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them.
Organ
Composed of two or more tissue types together to perform common functions.
Organ system
Group of organs classified as one unit because of a common function/set of functions.
Negative Feedback loop
Process in which the product of a system shuts down or limits the systems operations.
Mediastinum
Divides thoracic cavity into right and left parts
Mesentery
Two layers of peritoneum fused together
Function- holds organs in place and provide a pathway for nerves and blood vessel to reach organs
Pleura
Surrounds the lungs
lungs are surrounded by visceral pleura
Pericardium
Cavity surrounds the heart, heart is covered in visceral pericardium
Visceral/parietal
Visceral serous membrane: inner wall in contact with organ
Parietal serous membrane: outer wall of balloon
Superior
Toward the head end or upper part of a structure of body
( cranial or cephalic )
Development
Changes an organism undergoes through time
Nervous tissue
Receives messages from body’s external and internal environments
Reproduction
Formation of new cells or new organisms
Muscle tissue
Control internal and external movement
Smooth -involuntary
Skeletal -voluntary
Cardiac -involuntary
Metabolism
Ability to use energy to perform vital functions such as growth movement and reproduction
Connective tissue
Holds organs in place and binds different parts of the body together
Ligament attach bone → bone
Tendon attach muscle → bone
Responsiveness
Body can readjust to help maintain life
(Homeostasis)
Growth
Adding more bone cells to a bone
increase in the size of all parts of the organism
Inferior
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or body
Superficial
Toward or at the body surface
Deep
Away from the body surface; move internal
Ventral
Toward the bottom/towards the body
Proximal
Close to the origin of the body
point of attachment of a limb
Dorsal
Toward the top/toward the back
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body
Distal
away from the origin of the body
Parasagittal
Divide the body unequally into a right and left side
Midsagittal
divides the body into equal right and left
coronal
divide the body into posterior and anterior
cyto
hemo
hypo
gastro
histo
cell
hemo
hypo
gastro
histo
6 Characteristics of life
Organization metabolism responsiveness growth development reproduction
levels of organization (small to large)
chemical organelle cell tissue organ
Anatomy
investigation of the structure of the body
Physiology
deals with the processes of living things
