APUSH Chapter 14

Civil Rights Act of 1875

a law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations, irrespective of race

Sharecropping

the labor system by which landowners and
impoverished southern farmworkers, particularly African Americans, divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.

15th amendment

constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that
forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race, color, or previous servitude.

Nathan Bedord Forrest

Founder of the Ku Klux Klan

Andrew Johnson

17th president of the United States

Civil Rights Act of 1866

legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.

Charles Sumner

leading Radical Republican senator from
Massachusetts.

Reconstruction Act of 1867

an act that divided the conquered South into 5 military districts, each under the command of a U.S. general.

Ku Klux Klan

secret society that first undertook violence
against African Americans in the South after the Civil War.

Credit Mobilier

a sham corporation set up by shareholders in the
Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.

Wade-Davis Bill

a bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that
required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men.

Freedman’s Bureau

government organization created in March 1865
aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.

Black Codes

laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites.

14th amendment

amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-k or naturalized persons U.S. citizens.