APHUG Unit 7 Geography of Industry

Agglomeration Industries

Businesses clustering together to lower costs.

Footloose Industry

Industry not tied to one location.

Manufacturing Region

Area with many factories.

Assembly Line

Workers each do one step of production.

Fordism / Post-Fordism

Fordism: mass production. Post-Fordism: flexible, customized production.

Maquiladora

Mexican factory importing materials duty-free and exporting goods.

Break-of-Bulk

Place goods switch transport types.

Free Trade Zone

Area where goods are traded without tariffs.

Export Processing Zone

Industrial zone producing goods for export.

Market Orientation

Factory near customers.

Brownfield

Abandoned industrial land reused.

Growth Pole

Economic growth around a key industry.

Mass Production

Large amounts of identical goods.

Bulk-Gaining Industry

Product gains weight during production.

Industrial Inertia

Industry stays after original reason is gone.

Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)

Countries rapidly growing in manufacturing.

Bulk-Reducing Industry

Product loses weight during production.

Industrial Revolution

Shift to machine factory production.

Outsourcing

Moving production to another country.

Capital

Money used for investment.

Infrastructure

Basic systems like roads and power.

Primary Industry

Extract natural resources.

Comparative Advantage

Producing goods more efficiently than others.

International Division of Labor

Countries specialize in different production stages.

Raw Material Orientation

Industry near resources.

Complementarity

Regions trade goods each needs.

Economies of Scale

Lower costs from large production.

Site Characteristics

Physical features of a location.

Cottage Industry

Small home-based production.

Labor-Intensive

Requires many workers.

Situation Characteristics

Location relative to other places.

Deindustrialization

Loss of factory jobs.

Weber's Least-Cost Theory

Industries choose locations to minimize costs.

Secondary Industry

Manufacturing goods from raw materials.

Location Theory

Explains why industries locate where they do.

Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

Area with business-friendly economic laws.