mechanical digestion
breaks large pieces in smaller ones (teeth)
chemical digestion
breaks into simple compounds to be absorbed (acids, enzymes)
peristalsis
smooth muscle contractions to push food through
salivary glands
secrete saliva, dissolves food to be tasted
pharynx
connects mouth to esophagus
esophagus
connects pharynx to stomach
stomach
mixes food with gastric juices (acid, enzymes)
small intestine
complete digestion and absorption of nutrients (mix with bile and pancreatic juices)
large intestine
absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces
rectum
stores feces
liver
removes toxic substances, produces bile (breaks down fat)
pancreas
secretes digestive enzymes
gall bladder
stores and releases bile into small intestine
kidneys
bean-shaped organs that filter waste and water from blood, and forms urine
nephrons
filtering units of kidney
filtration (urine formation)
blood pressure pushes water and solutes into nephrons
reabsorption (urine formation)
vital nutrients reabsorbed into the blood
secretion (urine formation)
excess waste removed from blood to become urine
ureters
tubes transport urine from kidneys to bladder
urinary bladder
hollow muscular organ that stores urine
urethra
moves urine from bladder to outside