ART1900 Visual Literacy Quiz 9

Look of producer towards the motif or scene (tone)

Influenced by: selection, psychology, technology (camera format), ideology

Look exchanged by depicted characters

Influenced by: directional cues, emotional cues, "breaking frame"

Breaking frame

off stage character

Look of spectator towards image

Influenced by:

- reception theory

- viewpoint/picture

- controlled by perspective/camera angle

looks between depicted characters and spectators

Illusion of direct contact, appeal to viewer; "fourth wall"

Voyeurism-scopophilia (Freud)

erotic gratification derived from looking

"mirror phase" (Jacques Lacan)

developmental stage where infants recognize their image in mirrors as self and yet not, begin to project control

Cinematic Apparatus

(Jean-Louis Baudry & Christian Metz)

traditional social cinema space - darkened theater, mirror-like screen - invites regression to childlike state

point-of-view

pans, tracking shots, zooms, editing

objective shot

camera as third-person viewer

subjective shot

camera assumes alternating character positions "reverse-shot structure"

semiotic (study of signs) perspective

language and pictures are two kinds of sign - poetic or rhetorical devices common to both; text in art & design combines both

dominant-hegemonic reading

unquestioningly identify with the dominant ideology

negotiated reading

combine various interpretations

oppositional reading

completely disagree, reject or ignore

gender-bending

rereading with queer subtext

trans-coding

putting positive spin on negative; e.g., camp, kitsch, "queer", blaxploitation

Pictorial Rhetoric

type of speech used to persuade an audience; field of study which examines modes of communication

visual poetics

examines rhetorical devices (figures of speech or tropes) in images and language

simile

one thing is likened to another

metaphor

a stronger connection than a simile

Metonymy

a change of name (he started hitting the bottle)

Synecdoche

part standing for the whole (a hired hand)

hyberbole

extreme exaggeration

personification

abstract ideas embodied in some person or animal

symbols

signs or objects that have, over time, acquired fixed secondary meanings

allegory

a treatment of one subject under the guise of another; a presentation of an abstract meaning through concrete forms

alliteration, assonance & rhymes

closest visual parallel would be repetitions of form, color, pattern, etc.

antithesis

the direct opposite, a sharp contrast

chiasmus (crossing)

two phrases are juxtaposed with the key word order reversed in the second (it's not the men in my life that count, it's the life in my men)

quotation & paraphrase

visually, appropriation and influence incorporation

Intertextuality

references to other works in the genre; "quoting"; game with audience, reflecting their sophistication as knowledgeable viewers

double meanings

puns, homophones, homonyms and double entendres; visually, visual puns, form overlapping or superimpositions