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From AMSCO textbook
Suburban
part of the urban landscape that surrounds or is on the outskirts of big cities
Public mass transit
government provided and or funded transportation systems
Borchert’s Model
Model created in the 1960’s to predict and explain the growth of cities in four phases of transportation history based on shifts in transportation technology, including the sail wagon, iron horse, and auto-air-amenity eras.
urbanization
an increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements.
sprawl
the rapid and uncontrolled expansion of the spatial extent of a city and occurs for numerous reasons such as lower land costs, car culture, growth of suburbs.
megalopolis
an extensive metropolitan area or a long chain of continuous metropolitan areas
Conurbation
a large urban area spread over an extent of land
exurb
usually beyond initial suburbs; often inhabited by wealthy families
edge cities
a concentration of businesses, shopping, and entertainment outside traditional urban area in what recently have been a semi-rural community; more offices than houses
boomburb
have a more diverse and affluent population compared to the nation as a whole; recent housing stock
satellite city
when an established town near a very large city grows into a city independent of the larger one
megacity
have a population of more than 10 million people
metacity
continuous urban area with a population greater than 2 million; a network of urban areas that have grown together to form a larger interconnected urban system
offshore financial services
financial activities conducted in a jurisdictions that provide low taxes and privacy for companies and individuals
world city (global)
cities that exert influence far beyond their natural boundaries and are control centers for the global economy where key decisions originate.
rank size rule
a principle that states that the largest country is double the 2nd largest county and triple the 3rd largest country and so on
primate city
A principle that states if the largest city is an urban system is more than twice as large as the next largest city.
gravity model
a model that state that larger and closer place will have more interaction and influence to eachother
market area
an area or region which is serviced by the central place
range
The distance people will travel to obtain specific goods or services
central place theory (Christaller)
theory that describes the relationship between cities and market area
threshold
the size of population necessary for any particular service to exist is and remain profitable
favelas
neighborhoods marked by extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness.
Squatter Settlements (Shantytowns)
The periphery of cities consisting of densely populated informal settlements
Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris/Ullman)
a model that suggests that functional zonation occured around multiple nodes; CBD and related functions continued to exist but joined by smaller business districts that emerged in suburbs.
galactic city model
a model that suggests as original CBD’s become surrounded by a system of smaller nodes that mimicked it’s function. As suburbs grew, they took on some CBD functions.
Latin American City Model (Griffin-Ford)
a model that depicts a two part
CBD at the center of the city with the most desirable housing located there. The high quality housing and CBD is located along a commercial spine.
Sector Model (Hoyt)
a model where each type of land use and housing grew outward as the city expanded, creating wedges
Concentric Zone Model
a model that describes a city as a series of rings that surrounds a CBD
Central Business district
a city’s commercial center that contains many high order services
Commercial zone
areas within a city devoted to business activities typically located near high traffic areas to facilitate customer access
residential zone
areas of a city devoted to where people live
industrial zone
areas of a city devoted to manufacturing and factories or other industrial facilities
zoning
a method used by local governments to divide land into specific areas with designated permitted uses
infrastructure
the physical structures and fundamental facilities needed to operate a society.
