[STS] WEEK 9: THE GOOD LIFE

good life

IDENTIFICATION

can be understood as the pursuit of happiness, health, and prosperity, not just in material terms, but also through living virtuously and meaningfully; We do certain things because we want to achieve a life which will make us happy and content

Eudaimonia

FILL IN THE BLANK

A central idea in understanding the good life comes from ______, a term used by Aristotle, which refers to the state of being happy, healthy, and prosperous in thinking, living and acting

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

The good life is characterized by happiness that comes from living and doing well, with a focus on living virtuously and flourishing in all aspects of life.

1 multiple choice option

Nicomachean

Aristotle’s ______ ethics focuses on the role of virtue and reason in achieving the good life; this treatise discusses the nature of moral life and human happiness, focusing on how humans can achieve the good life.

instrumental & intrinsic good

ENUMERATION

The essential point of Aristotle’s philosophy is that every action and pursuit aims toward achieving some form of good, which are?

instrumental good

IDENTIFICATION

form of good

These are means to an end; good as a means to achieve something else

instrumental good

IDENTIFICATION

form of good

e.g. education may lead to wealth, which can lead to success, which might eventually lead to happiness

intrinsic good

IDENTIFICATION

form of good

These are goods in themselves; something worthwhile not because it leads to something else

intrinsic good

IDENTIFICATION

form of good

e.g. happiness, knowledge, love, beauty, virtue, freedom, and truth.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

Ultimate good is better than the instrumental good

1 multiple choice option

ultimate good

IDENTIFICATION

refers to the highest aim or goal that humans can achieve. It's the most desirable state, one that is pursued for its own sake and not as a means to something else.

happiness

FILL IN THE BLANK

Aristotelian sense: ______ is living well and doing well (NE1:4)

virtue & excellence

ENUMERATION

what are the 2 hallmarks of eudaimonia?

virtue

IDENTIFICATION

hallmarks of eudaimonia

This refers to the moral excellence that we cultivate through habit. Virtuous actions contribute to happiness and the good life

excellence

IDENTIFICATION

hallmarks of eudaimonia

Achieving excellence in various aspects of life, whether through intellectual achievement or moral behavior, leads to a flourishing life

vegetative, sensitive, & rational soul

ENUMERATION

according to Aristotle, what are the three levels of soul?

vegetative soul

IDENTIFICATION

levels of soul

Possessed by plants; allows only growth, assimilation of food, and reproduction

sensitive soul

IDENTIFICATION

levels of soul

Possessed by animals but not plants; organisms with a sensitive soul sense and respond to the environment, experience pleasure and pain, and have a memory

rational soul

IDENTIFICATION

levels of soul

Possessed only by humans; adds thinking and rational thought to the functions of the other two souls

sensitive, vegetative, rational

FILL IN THE BLANKS

levels of soul

______ soul: Locomotion, Perception

______ soul: Growth/nutrition, Reproduction

______ soul: Theoretical, Practical

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE

both humans and animals are capable of life guided by reason

1 multiple choice option

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

Happiness is a uniquely human function

1 multiple choice option

arete, virtue

FILL IN THE BLANKS

______: Excellence of any kind

______: Quality of being morally good

balance

FILL IN THE BLANK

Virtue, according to Aristotle, is about finding a ______ between extremes. Every virtue exists as a mean between two opposing vices: one of excess and one of deficiency.

intellectual & moral

ENUMERATION

what are the 2 types of virtue?

intellectual virtue

IDENTIFICATION

virtues that pertain to the mind and are developed through education, experience, and learning; can be instructed

moral virtue

IDENTIFICATION

virtues that are developed through habitual practice and living virtuously. These virtues are not inborn or innate but are learned through repeated action and experience.

intellectual virtue

IDENTIFICATION

moral or intellectual

wisdom, understanding, scientific knowledge

moral virtue

IDENTIFICATION

moral or intellectual

generosity, temperance, courage