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Where did the Renaissance start?
Italy
What contributed to a revival of learning in Europe?
The fall of Constantinople
Who translated the first Bible into ENGLISH?
Wycliffe
Where did the Reformation begin?
Germany
Inquisition
The church court in Italy and France that sought to find and punish heresy
heresy
an opinion thatās against the church
Who did the Roman Church burn at the stake?
John Huss of Bohemia
Castiglone
wrote a book about Renaissance manners
What type of New Testament did Erasmus publish?
Greek
Who generously supported the Renaissance in Florence, Italy?
Lorenzo de Medici
Who exposed corruption in the Roman Church with his work āIn Praise of Follyā?
Erasmus
Zwingli
a reformer in Switzerland
Who was the author of the Ninety-five Theses?
Luther
Transubstantiation
the teaching that the bread and wine in the Lordās Supper change into actual body and blood of Christ
Indulgences
papers that grant pardon from the punishment of sin
Pope Leo X
authorized the issuing of indulgences to pay for the completion of St. Peterās Basilica
Pope Boniface VIII
demanded submission to the pope as a requirement for salvation
Leonardo da Vinci
painted āThe Last Supperā
Who painted the ceiling of Romeās Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo
Brunelleschi
designed the dome of the Catherdral of Florence
Gutenberg
invented the movable-type printing press
What languages did Erasmus know?
Latin and Greek
John Wycliffe
an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, biblical translator, reformer, Catholic priest, and a seminary professor at the University of Oxford.
What is Erasmusās āJulius Exluded From Heavenā about?
The dialogue begins with a drunken Pope Julius II trying to open the gate of heaven with the key to his secret money-chest. He is accompanied by his Genius, his guardian angel. Behind him are the soldiers who died in his military campaigns, whom he promised would go to heaven regardless of their deeds. Peter denies him passage, even when Julius threatens him with his army and papal bulls of excommunication, and questions him about his deeds on Earth. Julius then goes into a lengthy explanation of his deeds and justifies his sins, ranging from simony to pederasty, with the fact that the pope has the authority to excuse any sin. Peter is disgusted by his description and turns him away. The dialogue ends with Julius planning to muster an army to create his own paradise and capture Heaven.
What was the most popular architecture during the Renassiance?
They wanted the old style of the Greeks and Romans
What language were many of the books written in during the Renassiance period?
Latin and Greek
study of humanities
subjects that cover manās interests
How did Martin Luther die?
On 18 February 1546, Luther died at the age of 62 years. The reason for his death is assumed to be a stoke.
John Calvin
a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation.
The term ārenaissanceā means
ārebirthā
excommunication
The dismissal of an individual from the Roman Church
Castiglione
author of a Renaissance book of manners
Machiavelli
author of āThe Princeā
Petrarch
Father of Humanism
da Vinci
painted the āMona Lisaā
The Jesuits
a Catholic monastic order was founded to stop the Reformation and reverse the gains of Protestant convert
The largest great religious war in Europe
The Thirty Yearās War
French Protestants
Huguenonts
Romans 1:17
For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith for faith, as it is written, āThe righteous shall live by faith.ā
Johannes Gutenberg
made literary works available to the public at a very low cost
anatomy
the structure of humans, animals and plants
shading
an art technique that Renaissance artists used to add dimension to their figures
perspectice
the ability to give depth to paintings
Sistine Chapel
a chapel built for Pope Sixtus in the 1400s. Itās famous for its ceilings that were painted by Michaelangelo
Ghilberti
a sculptor, famous for the door he sculpted for the baptistery of Florence
Brunelleschi
designed the huge dome for The Catherdral of Florence
Thomas More
a close friend of Erasmus and served in the court of King Henry VIII in England. He wrote āUtopiaā, a story about an imaginary country based on Christian principles and the philosophy of Plato.
3 techniques that resulted in differences between medieval and Renaissance art
knowledge of anatomy
use of shading
study of perspective
What did the change in art reveal about the shift in thinking from medieval to the Renaissance periods?
people of the Renaissance placed greater values on the created world and upon man
The postitive consequences of the Renaissance
led men to inquire and seek the truth; resulted in discontent with the Roman Church; renewed an interest in manuscripts and languages of the Bible; renewed importance of the individual; movable-type printing made Bibles and other literature readily available at more affordable prices
The negative aspects of the Renaissance
emphasis on manās ability in contrast to trusting revelation from God; weakened moral restraints; failure of the Church of Rome to provide a moral example to restrain evil
transubstantiation
the belief that the wine and the bread literally turn into the very blood and body of Christ each time the priest recites the Latin phrase, āthis is my body.ā
Who said that everyone must submit to the pope?
Boniface VIII
Why were so many people disappointed in the Roman Church?
the Inquisition (church court) was very cruel, they were taught they had to confess their sins to the priest who was suppose to be another Christ who they said had the power to forgive their sins, councils to reform the church, and the sale of indulgences
The main reformers (people who made changes) during the Renaissance
Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin
What did Luther, Zwingli and Calvin all agree upon that made so many good changes?
The Bible alone as truth (not Catholic traditions),
Faith alone (salvation is a GIFT, the Roman Church didnāt have to power to save anyone)
Priesthood of the believer (The Bible says believers are made into priests. They donāt need to have a Catholic priest)
Index of Prohibited Books
a list made by the Roman Church that kept Catholics from reading anything that was put on the list. Books on the list the Roman Church didnāt like which included some versions of the Bible.
Council of Trent
Romans Catholics who met together to demand changes to the church
Anabaptist
to baptize again
Society of Jesus
Jesuits who founded to stop the spread of the Reformation
What major problems was the Roman Church creating?
They taught that the Bible and their church traditions were of equal authority.