The Younger Romantics: Poetry and Prose (1810-1830)

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Eighteen Hundred and Eleven (1812), Anna Laetitia Barbauld

"Hushed nations curse him -- and obey"
"Want and woe"
"With grandeur's growth the mass of misery grows"
"Famine", "rapine"
"Luxury" and "Want" are "ghastly" and "enfeebling"
"Religion" and "Freedom" have "light" and a "holy flame" but also a "knell"
"Fancy", scared, dwells on "visions of delight"
"Time" is slow
"Commerce" is bountiful
"Nature" is obedient and under human control
"Genius", "Art", and "History" give heroes laurels and transcribe their names
"Wealth" is a corrupting influence
"Alternate" perspective

Ivanhoe (1819), Sir Walter Scott

“Disquieted times”

“Contagious disorder”

“Forest rights”

”Milder and more free spirit of the Saxon constitution”

Persuasion (1818), Jane Austen

“Confusion”

“Disordered feelings”

“Painful agitation”

“Revolution”

‘My First Acquaintance with Poets’, The Liberal (1823), William Hazlitt

"Took the rest for granted"
"We are in a state between sleeping and waking"
"I have wanted only one thing to make me happy; but wanting that have wanted everything"
"Severe principles of the new school"
"Reject rather than court popular effect"
"Culture of dissent"

Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (1822), Thomas de Quincey

“Being an Extract from the Life of a Scholar”

“Elaborate intellectual pleasure”

“Increasing activity of the mind”

“Order, legislation, and harmony”

”Infinite activities” in the mind

“Infinite repose in the body”

”Space swelled”

“Nightmarish architectural structures”

"Impassioned prose"

The Necessity of Atheism (1811), Percy Bysshe Shelley

"There is no proof of the existence of a Diety"
"Q.E.D."

Note on the ‘Prometheus Unbound’ (1839), Mary Shelley

“Evil is not inherent in the system of the creation, but an accident that might be expelled”

Adonais (1821), Percy Bysshe Shelley

“Savage criticism”

Critics on John Clare

“The unwritten language of England”

“Ignorance of grammar”

“Immediate impressions”

Poems Descriptive of Rural Life and Scenery (1820), John Clare

"Visages"
"Esteem"
"Sybil"
"Boreas"
"Sublimity"

"Hastily Composed, and Written with a Pencil on the Spot"
"My letter's plain, and plain I'll end it"

Introduction to 'Poems Descriptive of Rural Life and Scenery’ (1820), John Taylor

"A Northamptonshire peasant"
Grammatical irregularity was also "practiced by Shakespeare"

A poem "describes the condition of a man, whose education has been too contracted to allow him to utter the thoughts of which he is conscious"
"Instances of the free grouping of words"

John Keats on Negative Capability

“Being in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason”

Poems (1817), John Keats

'Calidore. A Fragment'
- "Smiles at the far clearness"
- "Greeted" flowers
'On Receiving a curious Shell, and a copy of Verses, from the same Ladies'
- "Courteous Sir Knight"
'Imitation of Spenser'
- "Scalè"
- "Afric's ebony"
'Sonnets. XIV. Addressed to the same'
- "Great spirits" are associated with natural phenomena
'Sleep and Poetry'
- "Sooth the care and lift the thoughts of human beings" by writing about "heart-easing things"

Endymion. A Poetic Romance (1818), John Keats

The poem addresses "one bare circumstance"
The poem is a "test, a trial of my imagination"
"A thing of beauty is a joy for ever"
"Balmy pain"
"Known unknowns"
"Pleasurable pains"
"Oh bliss, oh pain"

Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St Agnes and other poems (1820), John Keats

The structure he develops is “compact and yet capable of multiple configurations”

‘Ode to Psyche’ (1819), John Keats

“Dreamt to-day”

“Awaken’d eyes”

“Thoughtlessly”

“I will be thy priest”

“Build a fane / In some untrodden region of my mind”

“Branched thoughts, new grown with pleasant pain”

‘Ode to a Nightingale’ (1819), John Keats

"Drowsy numbness pains"
"Emptied some dull opiate to the drains"
"Too happy in thine happiness"
"Leave the world unseen"
"Forget / What thou among the leaves hast never known"
"Youth grows pales"
"I will fly to thee (...) on the viewless wings of Poesy"
"I have been half in love with easeful Death"
"Was it a vision, or a waking dream? / Fled is music:--Do I wake or sleep?"

‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’ (1819), John Keats

"Not to the sensual ear, but, more endear'd"
"Bride of quietness"
"Unheard [melodies] are sweeter"
"Delicious, diligent Indolence"
"Conspiracy"
"Full-grown lambs"
"Beauty is truth, truth beauty,--that is all / Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know"

James Henry Leigh Hunt

“Luxuries”

‘Hyperion: A Fragment’ (1820), John Keats

He gave it up as having "too many Miltonic inversions"

Apollo wins by being more "true" and thus, more "beautiful"

“Dying into life”

‘The Fall of Hyperion: A Dream’ (1818-1820), John Keats

He drinks from a "cool vessel of transparent juice”

Hymn to Intellectual Beauty (1816), Percy Bysshe Shelley

“No voice from some sublimer world hath ever / To sage or poet these responses given”

“I vow'd that I would dedicate my powers / To thee and thine: have I not kept the vow?”

Mont Blanc (1816), Percy Bysshe Shelley

“As in a trance sublime and strange”

“One legion of wild thoughts”

‘On the Cockney School’ (1817-1818), John Gibson Z Lockhart

“It is a better and wiser thing to be a starved apothecary than a starved poet; so back to the shop Mr John”

Keats was accused of "low diction"

John Scott was a “liar and a scoundrel”

‘Ode on Melancholy’ (1819), John Keats

"Lethe"
"Wolf's bane"
"Nor suffer thy pale forehead to be kiss'd / By nightshade"
"Shade to shade will come too drowsily, / And drown the wakeful anguish of the soul"
"She dwells with Beauty-Beauty that must die"

‘To Autumn’ (1819), John Keats

"Conspiring with [the sun] how to load and bless"
"Drows'd with the fume of poppies"
"Where are they?" echoes ubi sunt

England in 1819 (1819), Percy Bysshe Shelley

“An old, mad, blind, despised, and dying King”

“Mud from a muddy spring”

“Religion Christless, Godless”

‘Ode on Indolence’ (1819), John Keats

“Love”, “Ambition”, and “Poesy”

“Sweet as drowsy noons”