(4.10.1)(Using the Earth's resources and obtaining potable water)

What are 4 things humans use resources for?

For warmth, shelter, food and transport.

What are natural resources used for?

They provide food, timber, clothing and fuels.

What are finite resources used for?

They provide energy and materials.

What are the conditions of potable water for humans?

Low levels of dissolved salts and microbes.

How is most potable water produced?

• choosing an appropriate source of fresh water

• passing the water through filter beds

• sterilising.

What are the 3 sterilising agents most used for water?

Ozone, Chlorine and UV rays.

What processes are used for desalination?

Distillation and the use of membranes and reverse osmosis.

Why is desalination bad?

It costs a lot of energy.

What does sewage and agricultural waste water need to be rid of before it can be used?

Organic matter and harmful microbes.

What does industrial waste water need to be rid of before it can be used?

Organic matter and harmful chemicals.

What are the steps for treatment of sewage water?

• screening and grit removal

• sedimentation to produce sewage sludge and effluent

• anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

• aerobic biological treatment of effluent

What are two new ways of extracting copper from ore?

Bioleaching and phytoming.

What is Phytomining?

Phytomining uses plants to absorb metal compounds. The plants are harvested and then burned to produce ash that contains metal compounds.

What is Bioleaching?

Bioleaching uses bacteria to produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds.