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schema
mental representations that are derived from prior experience and knowledge
schema theory
theory of how humans process incoming info, relate to existing knowledge, and use it
levels of processing
suggests that memory is a function of the depth of mental processing, not a distinct store
shallow processing
structural (appearance) and phonemic (how it sounds)
deep processing
semantic (meaning of item and convert to similar items) and involved elaborative rehearsal (meaningful analysis)
recall
retrieval of information with minimum external cues
STM
storage system used to hold small amounts of info in conscious awareness for ~ 12secs
LTM
unlimited capacity storage system that can hold info for large periods of time
encoding
conversion of info into a form suitable for retention in memory
retrieval
process of accessing stored knowledge