Minerals and Density test

What is shaft mining?

uses tunnels deep underground

What is strip mining?

removes top layer, then deposit

What is dredging?

Drags lines underwater

What is open pit mining?

digs holes in stair step fashion

What is mountaintop removal?

Uses explosives

What are the 5 requirements of minerals?

Occur naturally, be solid, be inorganic, made up of only elements and compounds, atoms arranged in a crystal structure, definite chemical composition

What are native minerals?

Made up of one element

What is the most abundant group of minerals?

Silicates, making up more than 90% of the Earth's crust

What is the chemical composition of silicates?

Made of silicon and oxygen atoms

True or False: A mineral, such as halite, will have a certain crystal shape.

True

What do crystals need to form?

Time and space

What is magma?

Molten material inside the Earth

What is lava?

Molten material on the surface

What mineral reacts with HCl?

Calcite

Which mineral is magnetic?

Magnetite

Which mineral exhibits double refraction?

Calcite

Which mineral has hexagonal crystals and a hardness of 9?

Corundum

Which mineral has a hardness of 10?

Diamond

Which mineral is used as pencil lead?

Graphite

Which mineral is bright yellow?

Sulfur

Which mineral has a red-brown streak?

Hematite

Which mineral tastes salty?

Halite

Which mineral has lead in its chemical formula?

Galena

What is ionic bonding?

Between non-metals and metals

What is covalent bonding?

Between non-metals

What is metallic bonding?

Between metals

What is the mass of a boulder with a volume of 27,000 cm3 made of granite?

75,600 grams

What volume of basalt is needed to weigh 2,000 kilograms?

0.625 meters cubed