Chapter 5 Synthesis (Part 2)

Within a hundred years of the invasion at Lindisfarne, Normandy was considered one of the strongest _______

Fiefs in France

Who invaded England in 1066?

5000 men under the leadership of William of Normandy

What battle ensued after this invasion?

The Battle of Hastings

Who were the rival kings in this battle and who won?

William and King Harold- William won

The Battle of Hastings marked a transition of power in England from _______ _______ rulers to Norman noblemen who were already _______ in France

Anglo-Saxon, Vassals

This was the title of a detailed census of all property in the realm ordered by William of Normandy

Domesday Book

The royal court and council that consisted of his royal barons, with which William controlled all aspects of government.

Curia Regis

The Normans led the way in construction of these two things

Stone Castles and Churches

What is a keep?

What is a crenellation?

Fortifications that provided archers protection in defensive combat

What is a moat?

When was the Bayeux Tapestry made?

11th Century AD

How many colors of yarn were used?

Eight

Approximately how many vassals crossed the English Channel with King Willliam?

5000-7000

Who probably commissioned the Bayeux Tapestry?

William’s half brother Bishop Odo of Bayeux

Where are the two possible places that the Bayeux Tapestry was made?

France or Canterbury, England

Who likely did the work and why?

Women because embroidery was an almost entirely female occupation

How many times are women depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry?

Four

Describe the circumstances in the eleventh century that contributed to the Crusades

Normans pushed the Muslims out of the Mediterranean Sea

The Crusades began as an effort to rescue ________ from ______ _______

Jerusalem from Muslim Turks

Who officially began the First Crusade and when?

Pope Urban II in 1095 AD

Unlike Muslim “holy wars”, the objective of the Crusades was to do this, not convert pagans

Recover land

What is premogeniture?

The Fourth Crusade in 1204, deteriorated into this, luting and plundering was common

Contest for personal profit

What tragedy occurred in 1204 during the fourth Crusade?

The Children’s Crusades

What never happened despite two hundred years of fighting during the Crusades?

What year did Constantinople fall and to whom?

It’s the oldest and greatest French epic poem

The Song of Roland

What 778 AD event is this poem based on?

The Ambush at the “Gate of Spain”

Who was Roland?

Charlemagne’s nephew

How many lines in the poem and what is chanson de geste?

4000 lines, Song of Heroic Deeds

What is a jongleur?

A professional entertainer

What is a lute?

A pear shaped wooden string instrument similar to a mandolin or guitar

When and where was the lute invented?

Troubadors (men and women who performed lyrical poems) were normally of this socio-economic class

Men and women of noble birth

What was the Great Book of Songs?

21 volume encyclopedia of songs composed by an Arab scholar

Who was the Countess of Dia?

12th Century female troubadour

What were most of the 2600 songs about?

Passionate affection between a gentleman and a lady

These stories of love and adventure became the most popular form of literary entertainment between 1200 and 1500 AD

Medieval Romance

The “spice” of the medieval romance was typically this

Illicit relationships or forbidden liaisons

This member of King Arthur’s court had an adulterous affair with Guinevere, the king’s wife.

Lancelot

This tradition helped to shape modern Western concepts of gender and courtship, including the objectification of women.

Courtly Love