bio properties of life + science

5 properties of life

organization + emergent properties, responsiveness, reproduction with heredity, taking in + processing energy, adaptations

atom

smallest unit of element

molecule

# of atoms bound together

cell

smallest unit considered alive

tissue

# of similar cells with same function

organ

multiple tissues do larger task together

organ system

multiple organs do larger task together

organism

living thing

population

many same species organism in area

community

many populations interacting in area

ecosystem

community + nonliving environment

biosphere

all earth regions with living things

emergent property

higher levels have properties lower levels don’t

gist of emergent property

more than sum of its parts

heredity

offspring inherit instructions in genes, made of dna

heredity is why…

offspring resemble parents

metabolism

total reactions in cell/organism

homeostasis

maintaining stable internal environment

adaptations

things about organism that help them survive + reproduce

present adaptations are due to…

past evolution

taxonomy

science of classifying, describing, naming organisms

important contributor to taxonomy

carl linnaeus

system for naming species

binomial (Genus species)

all organisms fall into…

groups within groups

taxonomic groups from least to most specific

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

as taxonomic groups get more specific, those organisms are more…

closely related

why groups within groups?

organisms with more recent common ancestors are more similar

phylogeny

evolutionary tree/map showing how species are related

what on an evolutionary tree helps to tell you who’s more closely related?

common ancestors/branching off

systematics

attempt to determine evolutionary relationships

domain bacteria cell type

prokaryotic

domain bacteria description

metabolically and ecologically diverse

domain archaea cell type

prokaryotic

domain archaea description

have adaptations to extreme environments

eukaryotes

nucleus, sometimes multicellular

prokaryotes

unicellular, no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, harsher environments

4 kingdoms of domain eukarya

protists, plantae, animalia, fungi

protists

complex single-cell organisms

protist ways of eating

photosynthesis, ingestion, absorption

kingdom plantae

multicellular photosynthesizers

kingdom animalia

multicellular, ingest food

kingdom fungi

multicellular, absorb food

science definition

attempt to provide natural, testable explanations for natural phenomena through rigorous testing

hypothesis

testable educated guess about natural world that must be falsifiable

hypothesis purpose

to be tested, not proven true

theory

grand conceptual and explanatory scheme supported with lots of evidence

intelligent design

living things are too complex to have arisen naturally, must have been designed by supernatural intelligence

why is intelligent design not scientific?

no natural explanation, not testable

can god’s existence be proven or disproven scientifically?

no