PSY325 Helping Relations Test 1

What does it mean to be helpful?

1. Listening

2. Offer emotional support & understanding

3. Goal Setting

Formal Helpers ( Client - Therapist)

1. Unilateral

2. Systematic process/procedure

   > agreement on what the work is going to look like

   > Procedure

    > Time

3. Time Limited

Informal Helpers: Social Relationships

> Neutral benefits of participants

> No fixed agenda

Eagan’s Set of Values

• Client empowerment

• Collaborative therapeutic relationship

• Active listening

• Empathy

• Skillful challenging

• Fostering the clients inherent capacity for growth & self - direction

Why are theories important for the practice of therapy?

Theory provides direction

Help understand, explain, predict, and control human behavior

What do theories involve?

Strategies and techniques that facilitate emotional, psychological, and behavioral change

What does role context play?

Nothing happens without context

Context: particular set of circumstances surrounding a specific event or situation

Psychotherapy Defined

A conversation with a therapeutic purpose

Counseling Defined:

Artful application of scientifically derived psychological knowledge and techniques for the purpose of changing human behavior

Psychotherapy & Counseling defined:

A process that involves a trained professional who abides by accepted ethical guidelines and competencies for working with diverse individuals who are in distress or have life problems that led them to seek help or they may be seeking personal growth but either way these parties establish and explicit agreement to work together toward mutually acceptable goals using theoretical based or evidence based procedures that have Howe to facilitate human learning or development or reduce disturbing symptoms

Key ethical principals

Competence

Multicultural Sensitivity

Humility

Confidentiality

Doing No harm

6 basic techniques of Psychoanalytic/dynamic therapy

1. Maintains analytic framework

2. Free association

3. Interpretation

4. Analysis of resistance

5. Dream interprets

6. Analysis of transference

4 Main Parts to freud’s theory :

1. Dynamic Approach

2. Topographic Approach

3. Developmental stage approach

4. Structural Approach

Contributions made by Neuroscience in psychoanalytic theory:

• early relationships serving as a template for later relationships

• Unconscious (or preconscious) influenced particularly in relationship’s & intuited threats in the environment

• Memory and the encoding and retrieval of cognitive, affective, and contextual cues

Psychic Determinism :

Nothing that occurs within the mental realm is random. An underlying psychological motivation or explanation for every emotion, thought, impulse, and behavior

Triangles of Insight:

• Conflict-based: (1) The Clients wish, aim, or drive, (2) the threat or imagined threat that makes the direct gratification of the with impossible, (3) the defensive compromise

• Transference-based: (1) or Past Relationships, (2) Transference, (3) Current Relationships

Individual Psychology: (insight-oriented)

A psycho educational, present/ future-oriented, and brief approach

4 overlapping stages of Adlerian Therapy:

Stage 1: Forming the therapeutic relationship

Stage 2: lifestyle assessment & analysis

Stage 3: Interpretation & insight

Stage 4: Reorientation

Person-centered therapy:

humanistic or existential humanistic approach

4 phases of Rogers Approach:

1. Nondirective counseling

2. Client-centered therapy

3. Person-centered therapy

4. Worldwide issues

Psychopathology:

A failure (of the self) to learn from personal experience

Actualizing Tendency:

Tendency to move towards growth, self-fulfillment, and the realization of one’s full potential

• PCT is designed to activate Actualizing tendency through a therapeutic relationship that includes: (1) congruence, (2) unconditional positive regard, (3) empathic understanding