Gas Exchange (plants)

Leaf

Waxy cuticle

Thin waterproof layer that covers the surface of the leaf

What is the function of the waxy cuticle on a leaf?

The waxy cuticle reduces water loss from transpiration and provides protection against pathogens.

Epidermis

Outmost cellular layer

What is the role of the epidermis in a leaf?

Provides protection and houses specialized structures like stomata.

Stomata

Small openings responsible for gas exchange

What are stomata and their primary function?

Allowing CO2 to enter, O2 to exit, and enabling water vapor escape through transpiration.

Spongy mesophyll

Layer of loosely packed cells

What is the function of the spongy mesophyll?

Contains numerous air spaces for gas diffusion.

Stoma

The opening in the lower epidermis of the cell

What is the stoma controlled by?

Guard cells to regulate gas exchange and water loss.

Veins

Ensure the final chemical products of gas exchange are transported as needed to other parts of the plant

What is the function of veins in a leaf?

Maintain a concentration gradient for continual gas exchange.

Distribution of tissues in a leaf