Medea/Greek Tragedy Review

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Study basic vocab on Greek tragedies and basics of Medea.

29 Terms

1
Tragedy
A type of drama or literature that shows the **downfall or destruction of a character** with **once noble** characteristics
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2
Greek tragedy did not require?
A change in scene.

\*\*There were **no acts or shifts** of scene.
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3
How does time pass?
In an **unnatural** fashion, unlike the 24-hour period of Aristotelian tragedy.
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4
Tragic Hero
A character born of noble status who embodies a tragic flaw and is **destined to suffer.**
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5
Tragic Flaw
Disastrous weakness that is so intense it **brings about the downfall** of the character.
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6
Hamartia
(“missing the mark”)— mistake, flaw, failure, sin.
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7
Hubris
**Excessive** self- pride or confidence.

\*\*Crucial to this definition is the Ancient Greek’s concepts of honor and shame.
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8
Catharsis
Greek word meaning “cleansing” or “purification.”

\*\*Necessary for moral order to be restored.
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9
Anti-Hero
Main character in a story who may **lack conventional heroic qualities** and attributes, such as idealism, courage, and morality
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10
Prologue
**Introduction,** a dialogue which informed the audience of the circumstances of the play.
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11
Parados
A song sung by the Chorus as it **first** enters the theater. 
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12
Stassima
Chorus sings this **between** dialogue.
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13
In media res
Latin for “in the middle of things”; literary technique where narrative starts in the middle. \*\*Characters, settings, and conflicts are often introduced in a series of **flashbacks** or through characters **relating past events** to each other.
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14
Episode
An incident in a course of events. (There are no acts or scenes in Ancient Greek plays. This is the method **used to break down a play** as in our modern “acts”.
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15
Exodus
The **end of the play.** 

\*\*The final scene or departure.
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16
Monologue
A lengthy speech by a single person.

\*\*person → audience
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17
Soliloquy
Lengthy speech by a person who is **talking to himself or herself.**

\*\*often used as a device in drama to disclose a character's innermost thoughts

\*\*person → self
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18
Chorus/Chorodia
Function was to chant (marching) an entrance song called a **parados** as they entered. The Chorus leader engaged in  dialogue with the characters and the entire Chorus sang and danced at certain times.

\*\***The Chorus** of *Medea* is composed of the **women** of Corinth. They poetically deliver much of the exposition and expounds on theme (admire and fear Medea)
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19
Deus ex Machina
“God out of the machine”

An unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel.
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20
Rhetoric
**Rhetoric (n) -** the art of speaking or writing effectively

\*\*Aristotle: “the ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion.”

\*\*examples: ethos, pathos, logos
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21
Ethos (character, word ethics made from it)

Appeal credible to listen to, be unbiased, and intelligent.

  • When:

    • Describes first-hand experience

    • Knows someone who has experienced the topic

    • Is able to cite experts

    • Sounds well-informed

    • Knows the latest facts and information

    • Is able to predict new approaches, ways of thinking, or trends

  • (the appeal of the author’s character or ethics)

    • Authority/Credibility/Trustworthiness/

    • Likeable/Respectable

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22
Pathos (suffering/experience, word empathy made from it)

Appeal to audiences’ emotions, make them feel how you want them to feel.

  • Used when:

    • meaningful language, emotion evoking examples, stories of emotional events, and implied meanings.

  • (the appeal of evoking audience’s emotions)

    • Psychology

    • Emotion/Feeling

    • Denotation versus connotation

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23
Logos (word, logic made from it)

Convincing through logic and reason.

  • How:

    • Use advanced or theoretical language

    • Cite facts, statistics, and certain authorities on a subject

    • Use historical and literal analogies

    • Construct logical arguments

  • (the appeal to reason)

    • Organization

    • Fact/Statistic/Evidence

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24
Medea’s motivation to kill her kids:
Her excessive pride in herself and her passion to make Jason suffer.
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25
Medea’s tragic flaw:
excessive passion/determination (to the point where she becomes dangerous)
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26
Why is Medea mad?
Jason wants a new wife.
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27
What has Medea sacrificed?
Her home, her country, her father and brother (her old life).
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28
What has Jason given to Medea?
New life in Greece, fame, a family.
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29
Extra thing to think about:
Is Medea a **tragic hero** or an **anti-hero?**
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