POD AP LANG

Narration

Definition: this structure tells a story, a recounting of events

Purpose: to explain information about your topic as a series of events in story format; a recounting of events

Description

definition: this structure targets the senses with a high level of detail; while it can also be a type of story, the level of detail distinguishes it from narration

purpous: to create a picture in words (vivid, specific details) to help the reader visualize something a writer has experienced

Process Analysis

definition: this structure explains how something works (a machine, the political system, how to’s, etc.); or summarizes how something happened (a historical event, a movement, etc.)

purpous: to explain a process by giving directions or information about how to do something or how something is done

Exempli-fication/ Illustration

definition: this structure makes a point about a topic through the use of an example or multiple examples

purpous: to discuss a topic by using several/a series of examples to clarify points or to go into depth about one extended example

Comparison and Contrast

definition: this structure juxtaposes (putting two things close together) two things (people, places, ideas, organizations, etc.)

purpous: to show how two or more areas of a topic are similar (compare) or different (contrast)

Classification and Division

definition: this structure sorts and separates things

purpous: to break a topic into groups of categories and explain what goes together and why they go together

Definition

definitn: this structure defines something (a word, a concept, a trend, etc.) and then examining how a situation fits that definition

purpous:to define a word in a way that ensures the reader and the speaker have a common understanding of what it means; in the end, an idea is defined and a situation is examined in terms of how it does/does not fit that definition

Cause and Effect

definition: this structure presents/analyzes the the cause(s) that led(s) to a particular effect(s)

purpous : to explain what caused (cause) something to happen (effect); how did one thing lead to another?; answers why something happened as the result of something else