6. Other Diuretics

what are loop diuretics?

strong diuretics that make the kidneys excrete sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), and water to reduce fluid volume

what are potassium-sparing diuretics?

diuretics that remove water but conserve potassium, so they can raise potassium levels

what are examples of loop diuretics?

• furosemide

• bumetanide

what is the main job of a loop diuretic?

blocks reaborpstion of sodium, chloride, and water

• this lowers fluid volume

what patient is loop diuretics preferred in?

patient with worsening CHF

loop diuretics vs thiazides

loop diuretics are more potent but dont last as long

when should loop diuretics usually be given?

in the morning (so they’re not up peeing all night)

what electrolyte imbalance is a big risk with loop diuretics?

hypokalemia (low potassium)

what helps prevent hypokalemia with loop diuretics?

potassium-rich foods (as directed)

what do you monitor to track fluid status on diuretics?

• daily weights

• intake & output (I&O)

what should be monitored for kidney function while on diuretics?

• renal labs

• urine output

what allergy needs extra caution with loop diuretics?

sulfa allergy

what is an example of a potassium-sparing diuretic?

spironolactone

what electrolyte imbalance is a big risk with potassium-sparing diuretics?

hyperkalemia

what should be avoided with potassium-sparing diuretics because of hyperkalcemia risk?

potassium-rich foods and potassium supplements

what are common side effects of spironolactone?

• gynecomastia

• impotence

• drowsiness/lethargy

• headache

who should not take potassium-sparing diuretics?

• hyperkalemics

• chronic kidney disease

• severe liver disease